一、安装CentOS6.2系统
1、选择Desktop进行安装
注:如果修改了主机名,则需要在/etc/hosts文件中增加设置的主机名
2、ssh安全设置(配置文件:/etc/ssh/sshd_config):
1)更改默认22端口:去掉 Port的注释,改成如:22123
2)禁止root账号登录:去掉PermitRootLogin yes注释,改成:PermitRootLogin no
3)新增SSH登录用户,登录成功后再su到root:
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# useradd xiaoma
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# passwd xiaoma
然后修改ssh配置文件,最后加入:AllowUsers xiaoma
4)重启SSH服务:service sshd restart
5)更改防火墙配置,允许22123端口,加入:-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 22123 -j ACCEPT,并重启防火墙生效:service iptables restart
二、软件环境配置
1、安装编译环境:
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# yum install gcc gcc-c++
注:代理上网,命令行:export http_proxy=http://ip:port
2、安装一些必备的库
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# yum install ncurses-devel zlib-devel libjpeg* libpng* freetype*
注:ncurses-devel – 编译安装mysql5.5时需要 zlib-devel – 编译安装httpd需要 libjpeg*、libpng*、freetype* – 编译安装php需要
3、安装clamAV杀毒软件
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# tar xzf clamav-0.97.4.tar.gz
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# cd clamav-0.97.4
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# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/clamav --disable-clamav
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# make
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# make install
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# groupadd clamav
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# useradd -g clamav clamav
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# chown -R clamav.clamav /usr/local/clamav
操作示例: 1)更新病毒库:bin/freshclam(需要修改etc/freshclam.conf文件把Example行注释掉) 2)扫描指定的目录:bin/clamscan –bell -i -r /usr/local
4、安装JDK
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# chmod +x jdk-6u33-linux-i586.bin
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# ./jdk-6u33-linux-i586.bin
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# mv jdk1.6.0_33/ /usr/local
设置JDK环境变量,/etc/profile文件中最后加入如下配置:
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JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_33
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export JAVA_HOME
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export PATH=/usr/local/mysql5/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
然后更新环境变量使之生效:
查看安装的java版本:
5、安装Mysql5.5(mysql5.5需要cmake编译,需要先安装cmake)
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# tar xzf cmake-2.8.7.tar.gz
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# cd cmake-2.8.7
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# ./configure
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# make && make install
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# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql5
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# groupadd mysql
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# useradd -g mysql mysql
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# chown mysql.mysql -R /usr/local/mysql5
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# tar xzf mysql-5.5.19.tar.gz
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# cd mysql-5.5.19/
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# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql5 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql5/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql5/data -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306
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# make
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# make install
配置Mysql,进行如下操作:
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# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
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# chmod 755 scripts/mysql_install_db
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# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql5 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql5/data
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# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
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# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql
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# chkconfig mysql on
启动mysql并设置root账号密码:
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# /etc/init.d/mysql start 或 service mysql start
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# /usr/local/mysql5/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'root'
加入环境变量,在/etc/profile文件中最后加入:
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export PATH=/usr/local/mysql5/bin:$PATH
修改默认的mysql最大连接数(默认只有151),打开/etc/my.cnf文件,在[mysqld]的下面加入:max_connections=1000,然后重启mysql即可生效,查看最大连接数:
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mysql>show VARIABLESLIKE'%conn%';
6、安装httpd
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# tar xzf httpd-2.2.21.tar.gz
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# cd httpd-2.2.21/
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# cd srclib/apr
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# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
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# make
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# make install
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# cd ../apr-util
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# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
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# make
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# make install
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# cd ../..
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# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=all --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-dav --enable-proxy --enable-proxy-ajp
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# make
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# make install
启动httpd并访问http://ip进行测试(注意iptables需要打开80端口):
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# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
如果需要禁止对某个目录的访问,可以在该目录下新建.htaccess文件,并输入如下内容:
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order allow,deny
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deny from all
7、安装php
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# tar xzf libxml2-2.7.5.tar.gz
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# cd libxml2-2.7.5
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# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
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# make
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# make install
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# cd ..
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# rpm -qa php
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# rpm -e --nodeps --allmatches php-5.1.6-27.el5
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# tar xzf php-5.3.1.tar.gz
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# cd php-5.3.1
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# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2/ --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql5/ --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mbstring --enable-mbstring=all --with-gd
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# make
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# make install
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# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php5/lib/php.ini
修改httpd.conf文件:
1)在AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz之后加一行:AddType application/x-httpd-php .php 2)在DirectoryIndex index.html后加入index.php
重启httpd后即可使php生效!
8、安装Tomcat7
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# unzip -q apache-tomcat-7.0.23.zip
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# mv apache-tomcat-7.0.23 tomcat-7
配置tomcat的虚拟主机,打开conf/server.xml配置文件,加入如下段(多个则加入多个如下段即可):
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<Hostname="www.mzone.cc"appBase="webapps"
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unpackWARs="true"autoDeploy="true">
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<Alias>chinapis.com</Alias>
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<Contextpath=""docBase="/webapps/www.mzone.cc"/>
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</Host>
配置完tomcat后,还需要配置apache的虚拟主机文件(conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf):
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<VirtualHost *:80>
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DocumentRoot "/kington/webapps/chinapis"
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ServerName www.mzone.cc
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ServerAlias mzone.cc
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ErrorLog "| /usr/local/apache2/bin/rotatelogs /usr/local/apache2/logs/mzone.cc_%Y-%m-%d_error_log 86400 480"
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CustomLog "| /usr/local/apache2/bin/rotatelogs /usr/local/apache2/logs/mzone.cc_%Y-%m-%d_access_log 86400 480" common
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ProxyPass /images/ !
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ProxyPass /styles/ !
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ProxyPreserveHost On
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ProxyPass / ajp://localhost:8009/
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ProxyPassReverse / ajp://localhost:8009/
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</VirtualHost>
上述配置中的说明如下:
1)ErrorLog和CustomLog配置了日志文件的轮询时间(86400表示秒是一天,480是时区的偏移)
三、常见问题
1、编译安装php时遇到:configure: error: libpng.(a|so) not found,首先安装各个依赖组件(libjpeg、libpng、freetype),然后做如下处理:
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# ln -s /usr/lib64/libjpeg.so /usr/lib/
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# ln -s /usr/lib64/libpng.so /usr/lib/
2、解压bin格式的jdk时候报错:/lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad ELF interpreter,需要安装一些缺少的文件:
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# yum install ld-linux.so.2
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