一、环境介绍: 服务器:centos 192.168.1.225 客户端:centos 192.168.1.226 二、安装:
NFS的安装配置: yum -y install nfs-utils portmap centos 6(在CentOS 6.3当中,portmap服务由rpcbind负责) : yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind 三、服务器端配置: 1、创建共享目录: [root@centos2 /]# mkdir /usr/local/test 2、NFS文件配置: [root@centos2 /]# vi /etc/exports #增加一行: /usr/local/test/ 192.168.1.226(rw,no_root_squash,no_all_squash,sync) :x保存退出; 使配置生效: [root@centos2 /]# exportfs -r 注:配置文件说明:
/usr/local/test/ 为共享的目录,使用绝对路径。 3、启动: centos6: [root@centos2 /]# service rpcbind start Starting rpcbind: [ OK ] [root@centos2 /]# service nfs start Starting NFS services: [ OK ] Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ] Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ] Stopping RPC idmapd: [ OK ] Starting RPC idmapd: [ OK ] Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ] [root@centos2 /]# centos 5 [root@centos2 /]# service portmap start [root@centos2 /]# service nfs start [root@centos2 /]# 四、客户端挂载: 1、创建需要挂载的目录: [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/test [root@localhost ~]# 2、测试挂载: [root@localhost ~]# showmount -e 192.168.1.225 Export list for 192.168.1.225: /usr/local/test 192.168.1.226 [root@localhost ~]# 如果显示:rpc mount export: RPC: Unable to receive; errno = No route to host,则需要在服务端关闭防火墙(稍候会详细说)。 3、挂载: [root@localhost ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.1.225:/usr/local/test /usr/local/test [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw) proc on /proc type proc (rw) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw) /dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw) none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw) sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw) nfsd on /proc/fs/nfsd type nfsd (rw) 192.168.1.225:/usr/local/test on /usr/local/test type nfs (rw,vers=4,addr=192.168.1.225,clientaddr=192.168.1.226) [root@localhost ~]# 如果信息如上显示则挂载成功! 4、测试: 客户端生成一个文件: [root@centos2 /]# cd /usr/local/test/ [root@centos2 test]# echo "hello nfs test">>test [root@centos2 test]# ll total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15 Apr 9 13:24 test [root@centos2 test]# 服务端检查: [root@centos2 /]# cd /usr/local/test/ [root@centos2 test]# ll total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15 Apr 9 13:24 test [root@centos2 test]# 挂载成功! 五、解除挂载: [root@localhost ~]# umount /usr/local/test [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw) proc on /proc type proc (rw) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw) /dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw) none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw) sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw) nfsd on /proc/fs/nfsd type nfsd (rw) [root@localhost ~]# 如果遇到:umount.nfs: /usr/local/test: device is busy 可能用命令: [root@localhost /]# fuser -m -v /usr/local/test 用户 进程号 权限 命令 /usr/local/test/: root 2798 ..c.. bash root 2996 ..c.. su [root@localhost /]# kill -9 2798 [root@localhost /]# kill -9 2996 [root@localhost /]# umount /usr/local/test [root@localhost /]# 六、服务器端防火墙设置(NFS 开启防墙配置): 1、修改/etc/service,添加以下内容(端口号必须在1024以下,且未被占用)
# Local services
2、重起Linux NFS服务
3、此时rpc相关端口已经被固定,可以为Linux NFS添加防火墙规则 客户端在挂载的时候遇到的一个问题如下,可能是网络不太稳定,NFS默认是用UDP协议,换成TCP协议即可: mount -t nfs 192.168.1.225:/usr/local/test /usr/local/test -o proto=tcp -o nolock (责任编辑:IT) |