1.下载MySQL 
我下载的版本：mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz

2.安装之前先卸载CentOS自带的MySQL 
[root@localhost ~]# yum remove mysql

3.编译安装Cmake 
下载cmake源码包：http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz

从共享目录移至usr目录 
[root@localhost ~]# mv /mnt/hgfs/Share-CentOS/cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz /usr/cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz 
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr 

解压并安装cmake 
[root@localhost usr]# tar xzvf cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz 
[root@localhost usr]# cd cmake-2.8.4 
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# ./bootstrap 

--------------------------------------------- 
CMake 2.8.4, Copyright 2000-2009 Kitware, Inc. 
--------------------------------------------- 
Error when bootstrapping CMake: 
Cannot find appropriate C compiler on this system. 
Please specify one using environment variable CC. 
See cmake_bootstrap.log for compilers attempted.

--------------------------------------------- 
Log of errors: /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.4/Bootstrap.cmk/cmake_bootstrap.log 
--------------------------------------------- 
报错：缺少C的编译器 
解决办法：安装gcc编译器 
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc 

继续安装Cmake 
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# ./bootstrap 

--------------------------------------------- 
CMake 2.8.4, Copyright 2000-2009 Kitware, Inc. 
C compiler on this system is: cc 
--------------------------------------------- 
Error when bootstrapping CMake: 
Cannot find appropriate C++ compiler on this system. 
Please specify one using environment variable CXX. 
See cmake_bootstrap.log for compilers attempted. 
--------------------------------------------- 
Log of errors: /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.4/Bootstrap.cmk/cmake_bootstrap.log 
--------------------------------------------- 
报错：缺少C++编译器 
解决办法：安装gcc-c++编译器 
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc-c++ 

再次安装 
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# ./bootstrap 
没有报错，编译安装 
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# gmake 
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# gmake install

4.正式开始安装MySQL 
添加MySQL用户和用户组 
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql 
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql

MySQL源码包从共享文件夹移至/usr并解压 
[root@localhost ~]mv /mnt/hgfs/Share-CentOS/mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz /usr/mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz 
[root@localhost usr]# tar xzvf mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz 
[root@localhost usr]# cd mysql-5.5.22

Cmake运行 
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.22]# cmake .

开始编译安装 
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.22]# make && make install 

进入安装目录，将程序二进制的所有权改为root，数据目录的说有权改为mysql用户，更新授权表 
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.22]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ 
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R root . 
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql . 
[root@localhost mysql]# chgrp -R mysql . 
[root@localhost mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

安全启动MySQL(默认密码为空) 
[root@localhost mysql]#./bin/mysqld_safe –-user=mysql&

报错： 
090408 21:19:24 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'. 
090408 21:19:24 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql 
090408 21:19:24 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended 
原因： 
打开/var/log/mysqld.log文件得到Can't create/write to file '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid' (Errcode: 2) 
Can't start server: can't create PID file: No such file or directory 
解决方法： 
进入/var/run目录，发现没有mysqld目录，建立mysqld目录，进入该目录再建立mysqld.pid文件，修改文件属性 chown -R mysql mysqld .从而解决该问题 

连接本机MySQL 
[root@localhost mysql]#mysql –u root –p 
提示输入password，默认为空，按Enter即可

断开连接 
mysql>exit;

关闭MySQL 
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqladmin -u root shutdown –p

报错： 
bin/mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed 
error: 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)' 
Check that mysqld is running and that the socket: '/tmp/mysql.sock' exists! 
原因： 
进入/var/lib/mysql目录，发现mysql.sock文件 
解决方法： 
建立连接 ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock 解决该问题 

方便调用，为mysql设置一个软链接 
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql 

为root账户设置密码 
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin 
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqladmin -u root –p password root 
Enter Password:root 

设置选项文件，将配置文件拷贝到/etc下 
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/mysql.cnf 

设置开机自启动 
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql 
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

通过服务来启动和关闭Mysql 
[root@localhost ~]# service mysql start 
[root@localhost ~]# service mysql shutdown

报错：启动mysql报错 
Starting MySQL…The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/CentOS.pid). [失败]
解决方法： 
在 my.cnf 中 
#The MySQL server 
[mysqld] 
port = 3306 
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock 
…… 
下面增加 
datadir=/var/lib/mysql 
[safe_mysqld] 
err-log=/var/log/mysqld.log 
pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/CentOS.pid