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云服务器Ubuntu 16.04安装tomcat、jdk和mysql(tar压缩解压方式)

时间:2018-12-14 13:43来源:linux.it.net.cn 作者:IT
服务器配置:1G 2核心 Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS \n \l
 
准备工作:在windows中首先下载好需要使用的东西,然后通过xftp将文件传到服务器中。上传文件成功之后的截图如下:
 
搜狐mysql镜像站:http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/
 
jdk版本:jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz
 
tomcat版本:apache-tomcat-9.0.13.tar.gz
 
一、安装mysql,操作步骤如下:
 
1. 全自动安装方式:apt-get install mysql-server
 
root@Turing:/usr/local/mysql# apt-get install mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libencode-locale-perl libevent-core-2.0-5 libfcgi-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-template-perl
  libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libio-html-perl liblwp-mediatypes-perl liburi-perl mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-common mysql-server-5.7
  mysql-server-core-5.7
Suggested packages:
  libdata-dump-perl libipc-sharedcache-perl libwww-perl tinyca
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libencode-locale-perl libevent-core-2.0-5 libfcgi-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-template-perl
  libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libio-html-perl liblwp-mediatypes-perl liburi-perl mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-common mysql-server
  mysql-server-5.7 mysql-server-core-5.7
0 upgraded, 19 newly installed, 0 to remove and 215 not upgraded.
Need to get 18.9 MB of archives.
After this operation, 162 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-common all 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [15.3 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-client-core-5.7 amd64 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [6,030 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-client-5.7 amd64 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [1,720 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-server-core-5.7 amd64 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [7,757 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 libevent-core-2.0-5 amd64 2.0.21-stable-2ubuntu0.16.04.1 [70.6 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-server-5.7 amd64 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [2,726 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libhtml-tagset-perl all 3.20-2 [13.5 kB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 liburi-perl all 1.71-1 [76.9 kB]
Get:9 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libhtml-parser-perl amd64 3.72-1 [86.1 kB]
Get:10 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libcgi-pm-perl all 4.26-1 [185 kB]
Get:11 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libfcgi-perl amd64 0.77-1build1 [32.3 kB]
Get:12 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libcgi-fast-perl all 1:2.10-1 [10.2 kB]
Get:13 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libencode-locale-perl all 1.05-1 [12.3 kB]
Get:14 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libhtml-template-perl all 2.95-2 [60.4 kB]
Get:15 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libhttp-date-perl all 6.02-1 [10.4 kB]
Get:16 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libio-html-perl all 1.001-1 [14.9 kB]
Get:17 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 liblwp-mediatypes-perl all 6.02-1 [21.7 kB]
Get:18 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libhttp-message-perl all 6.11-1 [74.3 kB]
Get:19 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-server all 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [10.8 kB]
Fetched 18.9 MB in 0s (24.4 MB/s)   
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-common.
(Reading database ... 100151 files and directories currently installed.)
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Unpacking mysql-common (5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
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Setting up mysql-common (5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/my.cnf.fallback to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode
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(Reading database ... 100312 files and directories currently installed.)
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update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode
Renaming removed key_buffer and myisam-recover options (if present)
insserv: can not symlink(../init.d/aegis, ../rc2.d/S02aegis): File exists
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Setting up libhtml-template-perl (2.95-2) ...
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root@Turing:/etc# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 (Ubuntu)
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql> 
 
安装成功!!!
 
2.开启root用户的全称访问权限
 
   2.1.修改数据库中user的host
 
update user set host = '%' where user ='root';
 
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '数据库密码';
 
flush privileges;
 
  2.2.修改my.conf的中的ip绑定  
 
# 进入编辑/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.conf
 
vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.conf
 
# 修改ip绑定
 
# 源文件中为:
 
bind-address 127.0.0.1
 
# 将其修改为:
 
bind-address 0.0.0.0
 
# 覆盖保存
 
esc:wq
 
  2.3.重启数据库  
 
  # 重启命令
 
service mysql restart
 
  2.4 新增用户并允许远程访问
 
 # 新增用户并允许远程访问只需要在user表中增加一个用户,将host设置为%即可
 
# 下例默认将所有权限分配给新用户,例如:
 
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '数据库密码';
 
flush privileges;
 
#开启mysql 开机自启动
 
systemctl enable mysql
 
  2.5 测试远程连接

                                        
 
二、安装jdk  jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz
 
 1.安装步骤步骤如下:
 
给它一个执行的权限:chmod u+x  jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz
 
#解压jdk 压缩包
 
 tar -xvf jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz 
#查看解压出来的文件
 
cd ..
 
cd  jdk-8u191-linux-x64
 
2.配置jdk环境
 
cd /etc
 
vi environment
 
#末尾加入以下配置(JAVA_HOME 后的路径就是jdk的文件位置)
 
PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:$JAVA_HOME/bin"
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_191
#修改完成之后保存关闭,并输入以下命令使环境变量立即生效
 
source /etc/environment
 
#输入java -version,显示JDK版本说明恭喜你,环境变量配置正确
 
java version "1.8.0_191"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_191-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.191-b12, mixed mode)
 
 3.等等还未结束,为了防止chu出现其他用户不能用的情况,配置所有用户的环境变量
 
vi  /etc/profile
 
    在文件的最后添加以下内容:
 
 #set Java environment
#Java_HOME 是 安装jdk的目录 每个人的安装目录可能会不一样
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_191
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH
   同样使得环境变量立即生效
 
 source /etc/profile
 9.重启电脑,能正常进入系统,且java -version命令有效
 
  安装jdk 全部结束!!!
 
 
 
三、安装tomcat  apache-tomcat-9.0.13.tar.gz
 
 1.切换到tomcat文件夹,操作步骤如下:
 
#给  安装包一个执行权限
 
chmod u+x apache-tomcat-9.0.13.tar.gz
 
#解压 tar.gz文件
 
tar -xvf apache-tomcat-9.0.13.tar.gz  
 
#查看压缩文件 
 
cd ..
 
cd  apache-tomcat-9.0.13.tar.gz  
 
ll
 
 2.#配置tomcat环境
 
#打开vi /etc/profile 目录下
 
vi /etc/profile
 
#在jdk环境下 加入tomcat 环境
 
#tomcat
export TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.13
#使环境立即生效
 
source /etc/profile
 
  3.保存退出以后,使用:
 
#进入到   apache-tomcat-9.0.13 下 执行
 
#开启tomcat
 
./bin/startup.sh
 
开启信息如下:
 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.13
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.13
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.13/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_191/jre
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.13/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.13/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
 
 4.修改 server.xml配置文件,修改端口为80,查看防火墙,开启80端口
 
#修改server.ml 文件
 
#首先 解决乱码问题 修改端口为80 找到如下代码
 
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />
修改后:
 
<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>
 
保存退出
 
 5.查看防火墙开启的端口(Ubuntu 16.04)
 
 #首先  关闭tomcat 服务器
 
./bin/shutdown.sh
 
#查看防火墙状态  为Status: inactive 则为未开启
 
u为w status
 
#开启防火墙   出现Firewall is active and enabled on system startup 开启成功
 
ufw enable
 
#关闭防火墙 出现:Firewall stopped and disabled on system startup  关闭成功
 
ufw disable
 
#开启开启自启动防火墙
 
ufw default deny
 
#开发端口
 
ufw allow 80/tcp   #设置允许访问 http
#查看 开启的端口
 
 netstat -naptu
  6.部署JavaWeb项目,访问
 
    之前我写了一篇云服务器部署JavaWeb项目的博客,部署可以参考一下! 查看部署过程
 
 7.访问 
 


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