linux一般使用du命令显示文件或者目录的大小

DU(1)                            User Commands                           DU(1)

NAME
       du - estimate file space usage

SYNOPSIS
       du [OPTION]... [FILE]...
       du [OPTION]... --files0-from=F

DESCRIPTION
       Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.

       Mandatory  arguments  to  long  options are mandatory for short options
       too.

       -a, --all（显示所有文件大小，不限于目录）
              write counts for all files, not just directories

       --apparent-size
              print apparent sizes,  rather  than  disk  usage;  although  the
              apparent  size is usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes
              in (‘sparse’) files, internal  fragmentation,  indirect  blocks,
              and the like

       -B, --block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks

       -b, --bytes
              equivalent to ‘--apparent-size --block-size=1

       -c, --total
              produce a grand total

       -D, --dereference-args
              dereference FILEs that are symbolic links

       --files0-from=F
              summarize  disk usage of the NUL-terminated file names specified
              in file F

       -H     like --si, but also evokes a warning; will  soon  change  to  be
              equivalent to --dereference-args (-D)

       -h, --human-readable（可读性）
              print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)

       --si   like -h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024

       -k     like --block-size=1K（以1k为单位计算大小）

       -l, --count-links
              count sizes many times if hard linked

       -m     like --block-size=1M（以1兆为单位计算大小）

       -L, --dereference
              dereference all symbolic links

       -P, --no-dereference
              don‘t  follow any symbolic links (this is the default)

      -0, --null
              end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline

       -S, --separate-dirs
              do not include size of subdirectories

       -s, --summarize（显示总的大小）
              display only a total for each argument

       -x, --one-file-system
              skip directories on different file systems

       -X FILE, --exclude-from=FILE（<文件>或--exclude-from=<文件> 在<文件>指定目录或文件 ）
              Exclude files that match any pattern in FILE.

       --exclude=PATTERN Exclude files that match PATTERN.

       --max-depth=N
              print the total for a directory (or file, with --all) only if it
              is  N  or  fewer  levels  below  the  command   line   argument;
              --max-depth=0 is the same as --summarize

       --time show time of the last modification of any file in the directory,
              or any of its subdirectories

       --time=WORD
              show time as WORD instead of modification time:  atime,  access,
              use, ctime or status

       --time-style=STYLE show times using style STYLE:
              full-iso,  long-iso,  iso,  +FORMAT  FORMAT  is interpreted like
              ‘date’

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

       SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one  of  fol-
       lowing: kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T,
       P, E, Z, Y.

例如，显示/home/software2目录以M为单位

[root@yqrh5u2 software2]# du -h -m -x /home/software2/
129     /home/software2/
[root@yqrh5u2 software2]# ls
oracle-instantclient-basic-10.2.0.4-1.i386.zip  VMwareTools-6.5.0-118166.tar.gz
[root@yqrh5u2 software2]# du -h -m oracle-instantclient-basic-10.2.0.4-1.i386.zip
34      oracle-instantclient-basic-10.2.0.4-1.i386.zip
[root@yqrh5u2 software2]# du -h -m VMwareTools-6.5.0-118166.tar.gz
96      VMwareTools-6.5.0-118166.tar.gz
[root@yqrh5u2 software2]# du -sh /home
3.6G    /home

[root@yqrh5u2 software2]# du -ah
34M     ./oracle-instantclient-basic-10.2.0.4-1.i386.zip
96M     ./VMwareTools-6.5.0-118166.tar.gz
129M    .