问题 1)根据以下要求查看接口信息 2)分别查看物理网卡、lo回环接口的信息 3)列出所有的网络接口 4)ping一下网关地址,然后查看ARP缓存表 5)查看本机的路由表 6)开启临时服务rsync 7)查询rsync服务的端口号(/etc/services) 8)利用netstat命令查看系统是否在监听此端口 方案 查看网络接口的命令为ifconfig,常用的选项为“-a”,可以列出所有网络接口的信息。 利用arp -an命令可以查看本机的ARP缓存表,需注意的是ARP缓存表是临时生成的,在查看前需要ping一下其它主机,生成一条ARP缓存记录。 查看路由表命令为route –n。其中有标记“U”为直连路由,“UG”为静态路由。 可以利用netstat –anptu命令,查看本机当前监听的都有哪些端口。可以利用“|”交由grep命令进行筛选。 步骤 实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。 步骤一:根据以下要求查看接口信息 分别查看物理网卡、lo回环接口的信息。 命令操作如下所示: [root@localhost 桌面]# ifconfig eth0 //查看eth0网卡信息 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:0D:06:9A inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe0d:69a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:10596 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:74 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:757148 (739.4 KiB) TX bytes:10154 (9.9 KiB) [root@localhost 桌面]# ifconfig lo //查看lo回环接口信息 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:80 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:80 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:6328 (6.1 KiB) TX bytes:6328 (6.1 KiB) [root@localhost 桌面]# 列出所有的网络接口,命令操作如下所示: [root@localhost 桌面]# ifconfig -a eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:0D:06:9A inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe0d:69a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:16800 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:74 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1201546 (1.1 MiB) TX bytes:10154 (9.9 KiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:80 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:80 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:6328 (6.1 KiB) TX bytes:6328 (6.1 KiB) [root@localhost 桌面]# 步骤二:ping一下网关地址,然后查看ARP缓存表 分析: 利用dhclient命令来获取网关与IP地址。 命令操作如下所示: [root@localhost 桌面]# dhclient –r //释放现有IP地址 [root@localhost 桌面]# dhclient //从新获取 [root@localhost 桌面]# ifconfig eth0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:0D:06:9A inet addr:192.168.30.124 Bcast:192.168.30.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe0d:69a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:25598 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:98 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1811539 (1.7 MiB) TX bytes:13766 (13.4 KiB) [root@localhost 桌面]# route –n //查看路由表 Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.2 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 [root@localhost 桌面]# ping 192.168.30.2 //与网关通信 PING 192.168.30.2 (192.168.30.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=50.4 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=83.3 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=5.55 ms ^C //按ctrl+c结束 --- 192.168.30.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2374ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 5.557/46.480/83.388/31.900 ms [root@localhost 桌面]# arp –an //查看ARP缓存表 ? (192.168.30.2) at 50:bd:5f:35:f7:b2 [ether] on eth0 [root@localhost 桌面]# 步骤三:查看本机的路由表 命令操作如下所示: [root@localhost 桌面]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.2 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 [root@localhost 桌面]# 步骤四:开启临时服务rsync 查询rsync服务的端口号(/etc/services )。 命令操作如下所示: [root@localhost 桌面]# rpm -q rsync //查询本机是否安装rsync rsync-3.0.6-9.el6_4.1.x86_64 [root@localhost 桌面]# rpm -q xinetd //查询本机是否安装xinetd xinetd-2.3.14-39.el6_4.x86_64 [root@localhost 桌面]# ls /etc/xinetd.d/rsync /etc/xinetd.d/rsync [root@localhost 桌面]# [root@localhost 桌面]# grep disable /etc/xinetd.d/rsync disable = yes [root@localhost 桌面]# chkconfig rsync on //将yes改成no [root@localhost 桌面]# grep disable /etc/xinetd.d/rsync disable = no [root@localhost 桌面]# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart 停止 xinetd: [失败] 正在启动 xinetd: [确定] [root@localhost 桌面]# grep rsync /etc/services rsync 873/tcp # rsync rsync 873/udp # rsync .. .. 利用netstat命令查看系统是否在监听此端口。 命令操作如下所示: [root@localhost 桌面]# netstat -anptu | grep 873 tcp 0 0 :::873 :::* LISTEN 3186/xinetd [root@localhost 桌面]# (责任编辑:IT) |