linux ext4无法使用超过16T磁盘的解决办法

系统环境：Centos6.7 x86_64 己updte

磁盘：12*4T raid5 +hot

说明：操作系统与归档都使用同一个raid5

应用环境：邮局系统【文件大小从1K到100K不等，除附件】

一、查看分区【fdisk -l】

[root@localhost sysadmin]# fdisk -l

WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.

Disk /dev/sda: 40000.0 GB, 39999997214720 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4863055 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT

说明：此时文件系统己经超过16T，OS默认将其转换成了GPT格式的，所以使用fdisk无法查看到准确的分区信息。

二、使用parted 查看分区信息

[root@localhost sysadmin]# parted

GNU Parted 2.1

Using /dev/sda

Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

(parted) p

Model: LSI AOC-USAS2LP-H8iR (scsi)

Disk /dev/sda: 40.0TB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

1 1049kB 525MB 524MB ext4

2 525MB 263GB 262GB ext4

3 263GB 284GB 21.0GB ext4

4 284GB 288GB 4295MB linux-swap(v1)

三、将余下的空间都分为/archive 作为归档的根目录

(parted) mkpart /archive 288G -1

(parted) p

Model: LSI AOC-USAS2LP-H8iR (scsi)

Disk /dev/sda: 40.0TB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

1 1049kB 525MB 524MB ext4

2 525MB 263GB 262GB ext4

3 263GB 284GB 21.0GB ext4

4 284GB 288GB 4295MB linux-swap(v1)

5 288GB 40.0TB 39.7TB /archive

(parted)q

四、查看分区

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

sda sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 sda5

[root@localhost ~]#

说明：此时己经找到新的分区【sda5】

五、修改/etc/mke2fd.conf

#vim /etc/mke2fs.conf

[fs_types]

ext3 = {

features = has_journal

}

ext4 = {

features = has_journal,extent,huge_file,flex_bg,uninit_bg,dir_nlink,extra_isize

auto_64-bit_support = 1 #添加这一行

inode_size = 256

}

六、下载e2fsprogs-1.42.13.tar.gz

[root@localhost ~]# wget -c http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs/v1.42.8/e2fsprogs-1.42.13.tar.gz

[root@localhost e2fsprogs-1.42.13]# pwd

/home/sysadmin/e2fsprogs-1.42.13

[root@localhost e2fsprogs-1.42.13]# cd build/

[root@localhost build]# ../configure

....

[root@localhost build]# make && make install

七、格式化分区

[root@localhost ~]# mke2fs -O 64bit,has_journal,extents,huge_file,flex_bg,uninit_bg,dir_nlink,extra_isize -i 2048 /dev/sda5

[root@localhost build]# blkid

/dev/sda1: UUID="908a3c8e-6d6a-4e01-8cad-2094ea99751f" TYPE="ext4"

/dev/sda3: UUID="b533714f-4cb9-4394-907d-8d1ead424c85" TYPE="ext4"

/dev/sda2: UUID="0a0ec20e-b50b-4d89-9fa6-65602e4e8a3d" TYPE="ext4"

/dev/sda4: TYPE="swap" UUID="b8e89719-670f-4b26-bbf3-86d13a1f935e"

/dev/sda5: UUID="3b5789ee-94c2-4296-bd99-5669200d826a" TYPE="ext4"

注：

mke2fs格式说明：

-b<区块大小>：指定区块大小，单位为字节；

-c；检查是否有损坏的区块；

-f<不连续区段大小>：指定不连续区段的大小，单位为字节；

-F：不管指定的设备为何，强制执行mke2fs；

-i<字节>：指定"字节/inode"的比例；

-N：指定要建立的inode数目；

-l<文件>：从指定的文件中，读取文件西中损坏区块的信息；

-L<标签>：设置文件系统的标签名称；

-m<百分比值>：指定给管理员保留区块的比例，预设为5%；

-M：记录最后一次挂入的目录； -q：执行时不显示任何信息；

-r：指定要建立的ext2文件系统版本；

-R=<区块数>：设置磁盘阵列参数；

-S：仅写入superblock与group descriptors，而不更改inode able inode bitmap以及block bitmap；

-v：执行时显示详细信息；

-V：显示版本信息。

八、将对应的分区挂载即可以使用

[root@localhost build]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3 20G 2.4G 16G 14% /

tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 477M 80M 372M 18% /boot

/dev/sda2 241G 120M 228G 1% /home

/dev/sda5 36T 20K 34T 1% /archive

[root@localhost build]# df -i

Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on

/dev/sda3 1281120 91214 1189906 8% /

tmpfs 2040386 1 2040385 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 128016 46 127970 1% /boot

/dev/sda2 16007168 1955 16005213 1% /home

/dev/sda5 4293781536 11 4293781525 1% /archive

九、查看磁盘信息

[root@localhost build]# tune2fs -l /dev/sda5

tune2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)

Filesystem volume name: <none>

Last mounted on: <not available>

Filesystem UUID: 3b5789ee-94c2-4296-bd99-5669200d826a

Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53

Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic)

Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent 64bit flex_bg sparse_super huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize

Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash

Default mount options: user_xattr acl

Filesystem state: clean

Errors behavior: Continue

Filesystem OS type: Linux

Inode count: 4293781536

Block count: 9695327232

Reserved block count: 484766361

Free blocks: 9426221107

Free inodes: 4293781525

First block: 0

Block size: 4096

Fragment size: 4096

Group descriptor size: 64

Blocks per group: 32768

Fragments per group: 32768

Inodes per group: 14512

Inode blocks per group: 907

Flex block group size: 16

Filesystem created: Thu Oct 15 15:27:56 2015

Last mount time: Thu Oct 15 15:33:50 2015

Last write time: Thu Oct 15 15:33:50 2015

Mount count: 1

Maximum mount count: 33

Last checked: Thu Oct 15 15:27:56 2015

Check interval: 15552000 (6 months)

Next check after: Tue Apr 12 15:27:56 2016

Lifetime writes: 202 MB

Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root)

Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root)

First inode: 11

Inode size: 256

Required extra isize: 28

Desired extra isize: 28

Journal inode: 8

Default directory hash: half_md4

Directory Hash Seed: 56a5949a-5a49-4bc9-810d-9a9e2aa2109b

Journal backup: inode blocks

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linux ext4无法使用超过16T磁盘的解决办法