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grep、sed、awk命令的用法。
linux下，有文件:datafile，内容如下： Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA ,91464:6/23/23:14500 Igor Chevsky:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:23400 Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:245700 Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900 Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100 Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92086:7/25/53:85100 Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200 Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200 Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900 Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900 Lori Gortz:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:35200 Paco Gutierrez:835-365-1284:454 Easy Street, Decatur, IL 75732:2/28/53:123500 Ephram Hardy:293-259-5395:235 CarltonLane, Joliet, IL 73858:8/12/20:56700 James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:45000 Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:268500 Lesley Kirstin:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:52600 William Kopf:846-836-2837:6937 Ware Road, Milton, PA 93756:9/21/46:43500 Sir Lancelot:837-835-8257:474 Camelot Boulevard, Bath, WY 28356:5/13/69:24500 Jesse Neal:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:25000 Zippy Pinhead:834-823-8319:2356 Bizarro Ave., Farmount, IL 84357:1/1/67:89500 Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:126000 Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:22350 Jose Santiago:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:95600 Tommy Savage:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:34200 Yukio Takeshida:387-827-1095:13 Uno Lane, Ashville, NC 23556:7/1/29:57000 Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:68900
一，grep命令练习 #grep San datafile #sed -n /San/p datafile #awk /San/ datafile
2.显示以J开头的人名所在的行 #grep ^J datafile #sed -n /^J/p datafile #awk /^J/ datafile
3.显示700结尾的行 #grep 700$ datafile #sed -n /700$/p datafile #awk /700$/ datafile
4.显示不包834的行 #grep -v 834 datafile #sed -n '/834/! p' datafile #awk '$0 !~/834/' datafile
5.显示生日12月的行 #grep :12/ datafile #sed -n '/:12\//p' datafile #sed -n '\#:12/#p' datafile #awk /:12[:/:]/ datafile
6.显示电话号码的区号为834的行 #grep :834- datafile #sed -n /:834-/p datafile #awk /:834-/ datafile
7.显示这样的行:它包含一个大写字后跟四个小写字母,逗号,空格,和一个大写字母 #grep '[A-Z][a-z]\{4\}, [A-Z]' datafile #sed -n '/[A-Z][a-z]\{4\}, [A-Z]/p' datafile #awk --posix '/[A-Z][a-z]{4}, [A-Z]/' datafile
8.显示姓以K或k开头的行 #grep ^[Kk] datafile
9.显示工资为六位数的行,并在前面加行号 #grep -n \'[0-9]\{6\}$\' datafile
10.显示包括Lincoln或lincoln的行,并且grep对大小写不敏 #grep -i [Ll]incoln datafile
二，sed命令练习 #sed -n s/Jon/Jonathan/p datafile
2.删除头三行 #sed 1,3d datafile
3.显示5-10行 #sed -n 5,10p datafile
4.删除包含Lane的行. #sed /Lane/d datafile
5.显示生日在November-December之间的行 #sed -n '\#:1[12]/#p' datafile
6.把三个星***添加到也Fred的行 #sed -n /^Fred/s/$/***/p datafile
7.用JOSE HAS RETIRED取代包含Jose的行 #sed -n 's/Jose/JOSE HAS RETIRED/p' datafile
8.把Popeye的生日改1/14/46 #sed -n '/Popeye/s/:[0-9]*\/.*\/.*:/:11\/14\/46:/p' datafile
9.删除空白行 #sed '/^$/d' datafile
10.写一个脚本 sed -e ' /500$/d s/^\([a-zA-Z]\+\) \([a-zA-Z]\+\)\(.*\)/\2 \1\3/g 1iPERSONNEL FILE $aTHE END ' datafile
三，awk命令练习 Christian Dobbins:[408] 538-2358:155:90:201 Susan Dalsass:[206] 654-6279:250:60:50 Archie McNichol:[206] 548-1348:250:100:175 Jody Savage:[206] 548-1278:15:188:150 Guy Quigley:[916] 343-6410:250:100:175 Dan Savage:[406] 298-7744:450:300:275 Nancy McNeil:[206] 548-1278:250:80:75 John Goldenrod:[916] 348-4278:250:100:175 Chet Main:[510] 548-5258:50:95:135 Tom Savage:[408] 926-3456:250:168:200 Elizabeth Stachelin:[916] 440-1763:175:75:300
上面的数据库中包含名电话号码和过去三个月里的捐款 #awk -F: {print $2}
2.显示Dan的电话号码 #awk -F: /Dan/{print $2}
3.显示Susan的名字和电话号码 #awk -F: '/Susan/{print $1,$2}' datafile
4.显示以D的姓 #awk -F"[: ]" '/^D/ {print $2}' datafile
5.显示以一个C或E的名 #awk '/^[CE]/ {print $1}' datafile
6.显示只有四个字符的名 #awk '{if(length($1)==4) print $1}' datafile
7.显示区号916的人名 #awk '/\[916\]/ {print $1}' datafile
8.显示Mike的捐款,显示每个值时都有.250$100$175 #awk -F: '/Mike/ begin{OFS="$"} {print $3,$4,$5}' datafile
9.显示人名其后跟一个逗号如Jody,Savage #awk -F"[: ]" '{print $1","$2}' datafile
10.写一个awk的脚它的作用: /Savage/{print $1,$2} /Chet/{print $3,$4,$5} $3==250{print $1} #awk -F: -f awkshell datafile (责任编辑：IT) |