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1. 安装前准备 [1] 安装软件包 yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++.i686 compat-libstdc++.x86_64 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc.i686 glibc.x86_64 glibc-devel.i686 glibc-devel.x86_64 ksh libgcc.i686 libgcc.x86_64 libstdc++.i686 libstdc++.x86_64 libstdc++-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel.x86_64 libaio.i686 libaio.x86_64 libaio-devel.i686 libaio-devel.x86_64 libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libxcb libXi make sysstat unixODBC-devel.i686 unixODBC-devel.x86_64 unixODBC.i686 unixODBC.x86_64 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 安装软件包 pdksh-5.2.14-36.el5.i386.rpm （这个包yum源里没有，所以要手动安装，不装安装oracle时会有警告出现，但不影响最后的使用） 请下载这个包上传到CentOS后使用如下命令安装。（单击文件名称下载） [root@localhost public_root]# rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-36.el5.i386.rpm [2] 更改kernel参数 [root@localhost var]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf # Disable netfilter on bridges. #net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 #net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 #net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 # Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue kernel.msgmnb = 65536 # Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmax = 65536 # Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes kernel.shmmax = 4294967295 # Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages kernel.shmall = 268435456 # 在文件末尾添加 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 10523004 kernel.shmmax = 6465333657 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.core.rmem_default=262144 net.core.wmem_default=262144 net.core.rmem_max=4194304 net.core.wmem_max=1048576 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 执行以下命令使更改生效 [root@localhost var]# sysctl -p [3] 创建安装oracle所需用户与用户组 [root@localhost var]# groupadd -g 200 oinstall [root@localhost var]# groupadd -g 201 dba [root@localhost var]# useradd -u 440 -g oinstall -G dba -d /usr/oracle oracle [root@localhost var]# passwd oracle [root@localhost var]# vi /etc/pam.d/login #%PAM-1.0 auth [user_unknown=ignore success=ok ignore=ignore default=bad] pam_securetty.so auth include system-auth account required pam_nologin.so account include system-auth password include system-auth # pam_selinux.so close should be the first session rule session required pam_selinux.so close session required pam_loginuid.so session optional pam_console.so # pam_selinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the user context session required pam_selinux.so open session required pam_namespace.so session required pam_limits.so session optional pam_keyinit.so force revoke session include system-auth -session optional pam_ck_connector.so [root@localhost var]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf # 在文件末尾添加 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 [root@localhost var]# vi /etc/profile # 在文件末尾添加 if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi [4] 切换到oracle用户，并进行配置 [root@localhost ~]# su - oracle [oracle@localhost ~]$ chmod 755 /usr/oracle [oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir /usr/oracle/app [oracle@localhost ~]$ chmod 755 /usr/oracle/app/ [oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir /usr/oracle/oradata [oracle@localhost ~]$ chmod 755 /usr/oracle/oradata/ [oracle@localhost ~]$ vi ./.bash_profile # 在文件末尾添加 umask 022 export ORACLE_BASE=/usr/oracle/app
2. 安装oracle database [1] 下载oracle安装文件（for linux x86）,并上传到CentOS上 http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html [2] 解压安装文件 [root@localhost public_root]# unzip linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip [root@localhost public_root]# unzip linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip [3] 以oracle用户登陆，startx命令启动图形界面，打开一个终端窗口，进行到刚刚解压database的文件夹，运行以下命令 [oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller [4] oracle安装界面启动如下图所示，输入邮件地址及密码(oracle用户），以从oralce接收安全更新等信息
[5] 仅安装数据库软体
[6] 本实例中选择安装单实例数据库
[7] 选择语言
[8] 选择要安装的版本，这里选择 “Enterprise Edition”
[9] 指定Oracle Base 与 Software Location, 我们在oracle用户的profile文件里已设置此环境变量，此处保持默认
[10] 指定Inventory Directory, 本例保持默认
[11] 指定oralce特权用户组，本例保持默认
[12] 接下来，oralce安装程序会对安装环境进行检查，本例未检查到任何问题，显示安装信息如下。直接Finish, 开始安装。
[13] 静待oracle安装
[14] 当出现以下窗口时，另开一个终端，以root用户登陆，并执行下面的命令。执行完毕后，点击OK
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh Changing permissions of /usr/oracle/oraInventory. Adding read,write permissions for group. Removing read,write,execute permissions for world. Changing groupname of /usr/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall. The execution of the script is complete. [root@localhost ~]# /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh Running Oracle 11g root.sh script... The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= oracle ORACLE_HOME= /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 [15] 至此oracle 11g R2数据库安装完毕。
[16] 环境变量配置 [oracle@localhost ~]$ vi ~/.bash_profile # 文件末尾增加 export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin [16] 其它注意事项
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