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安装MySQL [root@sample ~]# yum -y install mysql-server ← 安装MySQL [root@sample ~]# yum -y install php-mysql ← 安装php-mysql 配置MySQL [root@sample ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf ← 编辑MySQL的配置文件 [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x # clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package). old_passwords=1 ← 找到这一行，在这一行的下面添加新的规则，让MySQL的默认编码为UTF-8 default-character-set = utf8 ← 添加这一行 然后在配置文件的文尾填加如下语句： [mysql] default-character-set = utf8 启动MySQL服务 [root@sample ~]# chkconfig mysqld on ← 设置MySQL服务随系统启动自启动 [root@sample ~]# chkconfig --list mysqld ← 确认MySQL自启动 mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off ← 如果2--5为on的状态就OK [root@sample ~]#/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start ← 启动MySQL服务 Initializing MySQL database: [ OK ] Starting MySQL: [ OK ] MySQL初始环境设定 [1]为MySQL的root用户设置密码 MySQL在刚刚被安装的时候，它的root用户是没有被设置密码的。首先来设置MySQL的root密码。 [root@sample ~]# mysql -u root ← 用root用户登录MySQL服务器 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 to server version: 4.1.20 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer. mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息 +------+------------------------------+---------------+ | user | host | password | +------+------------------------------+---------------+ | root | localhost | | ← root密码为空 | root | sample.centospub.com | | ← root密码为空 | | sample.centospub.com | | | | localhost | | |root | % |XXX | | | | | +------+------------------------------+---------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('在这里填入root密码'); ← 设置root密码 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> set password for root@'sample.centospub.com'=password('在这里填入root密码'); ← 设置root密码 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)只有设置了这个才可以，才可以通过数据库来安装网址 mysql> set password for root@'xxx'=password('xxx'); ← 设置root密码 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息 +------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+ | user | host | password | +------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+ | root | localhost | 19b68057189b027f | ← root密码被设置 | root | sample.centospub.com | 19b68057189b027f | ← root密码被设置 | | sample.centospub.com | | | | localhost | | +------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器 Bye 然后，测试一下root密码有没有生效。 [root@sample ~]# mysql -u root ← 通过空密码用root登录 ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) ← 出现此错误信息说明密码设置成功 [root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -h sample.centospub.com ← 通过空密码用root登录 ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) ← 出现此错误信息说明密码设置成功 [root@sample ~]#mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录 Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. ← 确认用密码能够成功登录 Your MySQL connection id is 5 to server version: 4.1.20 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer. mysql> exit Bye [root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -h sample.centospub.com -p ← 通过密码用root登录 Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. ← 确认用密码能够成功登录 Your MySQL connection id is 6 to server version: 4.1.20 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer. mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器 Bye [2] 删除匿名用户 在MySQL刚刚被安装后，存在用户名、密码为空的用户。这使得数据库服务器有无需密码被登录的可能性。为消除隐患，将匿名用户删除。 [root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录 Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 7 to server version: 4.1.20 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer. mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息 +------+----------------------------+ | user | host | +------+----------------------------+ | | localhost | | root | localhost | | | sample.centospub.com | | root | sample.centospub.com | +------+----------------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.02 sec) mysql> delete from mysql.user where user=''; ← 删除匿名用户 Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.17 sec) mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息 +------+----------------------------+ | user | host | +------+----------------------------+ | root | localhost | | root | sample.centospub.com | +------+----------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器 Bye 好了，下面都不是必须的了！ 测试MySQL [root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录 Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 9 to server version: 4.1.20 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer. mysql> grant all privileges on test.* to centospub@localhost identified by '在这里定义密码'; ← 建立对test数据库有完全操 作权限的名为centospub的用户 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> select user from mysql.user where user='centospub'; ← 确认centospub用户的存在与否 +---------+ | user | +---------+ | centospub | ← 确认centospub已经被建立 +---------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器 Bye [root@sample ~]# mysql -u centospub -p ← 用新建立的centospub用户登录MySQL服务器 Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 10 to server version: 4.1.20 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer. mysql> create database test; ← 建立名为test的数据库 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show databases; ← 查看系统已存在的数据库 +-------------+ | Database | +-------------+ | test | +-------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use test ← 连接到数据库 Database changed mysql> create table test(num int, name varchar(50)); ← 在数据库中建立表 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> show tables; ← 查看数据库中已存在的表 +-------------------+ | Tables_in_test | +-------------------+ | test | +-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> insert into test values(1,'Hello World!'); ← 插入一个值到表中 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> select * from test; ← 查看数据库中的表的信息 +------+-------------------+ | num | name | +------+-------------------+ | 1 | Hello World! | +------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> update test set name='Hello Everyone!'; ← 更新表的信息，赋予新的值 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from test; ← 查看数据库中的表的信息 +------+----------------------+ | num | name | +------+----------------------+ | 1 | Hello Everyone! | ← 确认被更新到新的值 +------+----------------------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> delete from test where num=1; ← 删除表内的值 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from test; ← 确认删除结果 Empty set (0.01 sec) mysql> drop table test; ← 删除表 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show tables; ← 查看表信息 Empty set (0.00 sec) ← 确认表已被删除 mysql> drop database test; ← 删除名为test的数据库 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show databases; ← 查看已存在的数据库 Empty set (0.01 sec) ← 确认test数据库已被删除（这里非root用户的关系，看不到名为mysql的数据库） mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器 Bye 然后，删除测试用过的遗留用户。 [root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录 Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 12 to server version: 4.1.20 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer. mysql> revoke all privileges on *.* from centospub@localhost; ← 取消centospub用户对数据库的操作权限 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> delete from mysql.user where user='centospub' and host='localhost'; ← 删除centospub用户 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> select user from mysql.user where user='centospub'; ← 查找用户centospub，确认已删除与否 Empty set (0.01 sec) ← 确认centospub用户已不存在 mysql> flush privileges; ← 刷新，使以上操作生效 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> exit Bye [root@sample ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart ← 重新启动HTTP服务 Stopping httpd: [ OK ] Starting httpd: [ OK ] (责任编辑：IT) |