MySQL主从服务器搭建

mysql的增删改查都会了，有个朋友向我请教数据库的主从备份上的问题，没有搭建过，今天正好有时间，就搭建了下，把其中搭建过程中遇到的问题，总结了下，和大家分享下：
mysql数据库的安装就不在这赘述了，首先要有两个mysql服务器：

系统和数据库版本是：centos5.5 mysql 5.0.45

masterIP 192.168.11.20
slaveIP 192.168.11.2

master主机上有以下操作:

修改/etc/my.cnf文件

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
server-id=1   //主机标识，整数
log-bin=mysql-bin //确保此文件可写
binlog-do-db=beifen //要备份的数据，可以写多个
binlog-do-db=cong
binlog-ignore-db=bubeifen //不需要备份的，也可以写多个

//创建同步用户
mysql> grant replication slave,reload,super on *.* to 'cong'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u cong -p123456 -h 192.168.11.20
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.0.45-log Source distribution

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql> select user();
+--------------------+
| user()             |
+--------------------+
| cong@192.168.11.20 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

//slave主机上的操作：

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
server-id=2
master-host=192.168.11.20 //master主机IP
master-user=cong   //同步用户
master-password=123456   //同步密码

然后重启master和slave上的mysql数据库

//在master上

mysql> show master status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
            File: mysql-bin.000008
        Position: 98
    Binlog_Do_DB: beifen,cong
Binlog_Ignore_DB: bubeifen
1 row in set (0.04 sec)

//在slave上查看

mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
             Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                Master_Host: 192.168.11.20
                Master_User: cong
                Master_Port: 3306
              Connect_Retry: 60
            Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
        Read_Master_Log_Pos: 98
             Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
              Relay_Log_Pos: 235
      Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
           Slave_IO_Running: Yes
          Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
            Replicate_Do_DB:
        Replicate_Ignore_DB:
         Replicate_Do_Table:
     Replicate_Ignore_Table:
    Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                 Last_Errno: 0
                 Last_Error:
               Skip_Counter: 0
        Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 98
            Relay_Log_Space: 235
            Until_Condition: None
             Until_Log_File:
              Until_Log_Pos: 0
         Master_SSL_Allowed: No
         Master_SSL_CA_File:
         Master_SSL_CA_Path:
            Master_SSL_Cert:
          Master_SSL_Cipher:
             Master_SSL_Key:
      Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> load data from master;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (10.10 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| cong               |
| beifen             |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

发现数据库cong,beifei这两个数据库都同步过来了。

mysql> show processlist \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
     Id: 12
   User: system user
   Host:
     db: NULL
Command: Connect
   Time: 1742
State: Waiting for master to send event
   Info: NULL
*************************** 2. row ***************************
     Id: 13
   User: system user
   Host:
     db: NULL
Command: Connect
   Time: 1729
State: Has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
   Info: NULL
*************************** 3. row ***************************
     Id: 17
   User: root
   Host: localhost
     db: NULL
Command: Query
   Time: 0
State: NULL
   Info: show processlist
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
//OK了，mysql主从搭建成功了。

在搭建过程中，遇到以下问题：
别的都弄好了，但是slave无法同步上master上的数据库，我用cong这个用户登陆到master上，发现权限太小，就给cong这个用户赋予了些权限，这样就可以了。

mysql> GRANT SELECT,UPDATE,DROP,CREATE,INSERT,ALTER,INDEX ON *.*
    -> TO 'cong'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'
    -> WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)

(责任编辑：IT)

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