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redis数据库的set类型与zset类型 4.sets类型
Set是集合，它是string类型的无序集合。set是通过hash table实现的，添加、删除和查找的复杂度都是O(1)。对集合我们可以取并集、交集、差集。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset "hello"
(integer) 1 //表示添加成功 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset "world" (integer) 1 //表示添加成功 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset "world" (integer) 0 //表示添加不成功 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset 1) "world" 2) "hello"
srem：删除名称为key的set中的元素。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset2 one
(integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset2 two (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset2 three (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset2 1) "three" 2) "two" 3) "one" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> srem myset2 two (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> srem myset2 two (integer) 0 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset2 1) "three" 2) "one"
spop：随机返回并删除名称为key的set中一个元素。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset3 one
(integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset3 two (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset3 three (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset3 four (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset3 five (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset3 1) "four" 2) "three" 3) "two" 4) "one" 5) "five" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> spop myset3 "one" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> spop myset3 "four" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> spop myset3 "three" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset3 1) "two" 2) "five"
sdiff：返回所有给定key与第一个key的差集。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset2
1) "three" 2) "two" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset3 1) "two" 2) "one" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff myset2 myset3 1) "three"
sdiffstore：返回所有给定key与第一个key的差集，并将结果存为另一个key。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset2
1) "three" 2) "two" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset3 1) "two" 2) "one" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sdiffstore myset4 myset2 myset3 (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset4 1) "three"
sinter：返回所有给定key的交集。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset2
1) "three" 2) "two" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset3 1) "two" 2) "one" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sinter myset2 myset3 1) "two"
sinterstore：返回所有给定key的交集，并将结果存为另一个key。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset2
1) "three" 2) "two" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset3 1) "two" 2) "one" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sinterstore myset6 myset2 myset3 (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset6 1) "two"
sunion：返回所有给定key的并集。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset2
1) "three" 2) "two" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset3 1) "two" 2) "one" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sunion myset2 myset3 1) "three" 2) "one" 3) "two"
sunionstore：返回所有给定key的并集。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset2
1) "three" 2) "two" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset3 1) "two" 2) "one" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sunionstore myset7 myset2 myset3 (integer) 3 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset7 1) "three" 2) "one" 3) "two"
smove：从第一个key对应的set中移除member并添加到第二个对应的set中。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset2
1) "three" 2) "two" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset3 1) "two" 2) "one" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smove myset2 myset7 three (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset2 1) "two" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset3 1) "two" 2) "one" 3) "three"
scard：返回名称为key的set的元素个数。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> scard myset3
(integer) 3
sismember：测试member是否是名称为key的set的元素。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset2
1) "two" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sismember myset2 two (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> sismember myset2 one (integer) 0
srandmember：随机返回名称为key的set的一个元素，但不删除元素。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset3
1) "two" 2) "one" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember myset3 "two" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember myset3 "one"
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd myzset 1 "one"
(integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd myzset 2 "two" (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd myzset 3 "two" (integer) 0 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myzset 0 -1 withscores 1) "one" 2) "1" 3) "two" 4) "3"
zrem：删除名称为key的zset中的元素member
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myzset 0 -1 withscores
1) "one" 2) "1" 3) "two" 4) "3" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrem myzset two (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myzset 0 -1 withscores 1) "one" 2) "1"
zincrby：如果在名称为key的zset中已经存在元素member，则该元素的score增加increment，否则向该集合中添加该元素，其score的值为increment。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd myzset2 1 "one"
(integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd myzset2 2 "two" (integer) 1 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zincrby myzset2 2 "one" "3" //代表one的顺序号变成了3 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myzset2 0 -1 withscores 1) "two" 2) "2" 3) "one" 4) "3"
zrank：返回名称为key的zset中member元素的排名（按score从小到大排序）即下标。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myzset3 0 -1 withscores
1) "one" 2) "1" 3) "two" 4) "2" 5) "three" 6) "3" 7) "five" 8) "5" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrank myzset3 two (integer) 1 //two的下标是1（从0开始）
zrevrank：返回名称为key的zset中member元素的排名（按score从大到小排序）即下标。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myzset3 0 -1 withscores
1) "one" 2) "1" 3) "two" 4) "2" 5) "three" 6) "3" 7) "five" 8) "5" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrank myzset3 two (integer) 2
zrevrange：返回名称为key的zset(按score从大到小顺序)中的index从start到end的所有元素。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrange myzset3 0 -1 withscores
1) "five" 2) "5" 3) "three" 4) "3" 5) "two" 6) "2" 7) "one" 8) "1" redis 127.0.0.1:6379>
zrangebyscore：返回集合中score在给定区间的元素。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myzset3 0 -1 withscores
1) "one" 2) "1" 3) "two" 4) "2" 5) "three" 6) "3" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore myzset3 2 3 withscores 1) "two" 2) "2" 3) "three" 4) "3"
zcount：返回集合中score在给定区间的数量。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myzset3 0 -1 withscores
1) "one" 2) "1" 3) "two" 4) "2" 5) "three" 6) "3" 7) "five" 8) "5" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zcount myzset3 2 3 (integer) 2
zcard：返回集合中的元素个数。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myzset3 0 -1 withscores
1) "one" 2) "1" 3) "two" 4) "2" 5) "three" 6) "3" 7) "five" 8) "5" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zcard myzset3 (integer) 4
zremrangebyrank：删除集合中排名在给定区间的元素。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myzset3 0 -1 withscores
1) "one" 2) "1" 3) "two" 4) "2" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zremrangebyrank myzset3 1 1 (integer) 1 //只删除一个 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myzset3 0 -1 withscores 1) "one" 2) "1"
zremrangebyscore：删除集合中score在给定区间的元素。
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myzset3 0 -1 withscores
1) "one" 2) "1" 3) "two" 4) "2" 5) "three" 6) "3" redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zremrangebyscore myzset3 1 2 (integer) 2 //删除顺序为1和2的 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myzset3 0 -1 withscores 1) "three" 2) "3" |