Debian系统更新内核支持bigmem版本解决认不到4g内存

最近安装了Debian 6.0.1a i3却发现内核没有自动加载上PAE

以下命令得知系统装了两条2G的内存条,硬件最大支持64G内存

dmidecode -t memory

# dmidecode 2.9

SMBIOS 2.5 present.

Handle 0x1000, DMI type 16, 15 bytes

Physical Memory Array

Location: System Board Or Motherboard

Use: System Memory

Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC

Maximum Capacity: 65280 MB

Error Information Handle: Not Provided

Number Of Devices: 8

Handle 0x1100, DMI type 17, 28 bytes

Memory Device

Array Handle: 0x1000

Error Information Handle: Not Provided

Total Width: 72 bits

Data Width: 64 bits

Size: 2048 MB

Form Factor: FB-DIMM

Set: 1

Locator: DIMM1

Bank Locator: Not Specified

Type: DDR2 FB-DIMM

Type Detail: Synchronous

Speed: 667 MHz (1.5 ns)

Manufacturer: 80CE808980CE

Serial Number: 501A024B

Asset Tag: 010908

Part Number: M395T5663QZ4-CE65

Handle 0x1101, DMI type 17, 28 bytes

Memory Device

Array Handle: 0x1000

Error Information Handle: Not Provided

Total Width: 72 bits

Data Width: 64 bits

Size: 2048 MB

Form Factor: FB-DIMM

Set: 1

Locator: DIMM2

Bank Locator: Not Specified

Type: DDR2 FB-DIMM

Type Detail: Synchronous

Speed: 667 MHz (1.5 ns)

Manufacturer: 80CE808980CE

Serial Number: 501A01C2

Asset Tag: 010908

Part Number: M395T5663QZ4-CE65

但是通过free命令得到只有3.3G

再去之前几台装了Debian 5.0.4 upd 查看free命令得到只有3G

对应的内核不一样，得到内存总数也不一样，针对这个问题只能安装个支持4G(bigmem)对应内核版本

由于要安装对应内核版本，所以先查看内核版本

root@debian:~/soft# uname -a

Linux debian 2.6.32-5-686 #1 SMP Tue Mar 8 21:36:00 UTC 2011 i686 GNU/Linux
2.6.32-5-686这个有32-31与32-35 请注意

为了能搜索更多安装包，先更新一下更新debian源

#Vi /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian lenny main non-free contrib

deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian lenny-proposed-updates main contrib non-free

deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security lenny/updates main contrib non-free

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian lenny main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian lenny-proposed-updates main contrib non-free

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security lenny/updates main contrib non-free

再执行以下几个命令

#apt-get update

#apt-get upgrade

#apt-get dist-upgrade

apt-cache search -t squeeze-backports linux-image

linux-headers-2.6.26-1-openvz-686 - Header files for Linux 2.6.26-1-openvz-686

linux-headers-2.6.26-1-vserver-686-bigmem - Header files for Linux 2.6.26-1-vserver-686-bigmem

linux-headers-2.6.26-1-vserver-686 - Header files for Linux 2.6.26-1-vserver-686

linux-headers-2.6.26-1-xen-686 - Header files for Linux 2.6.26-1-xen-686

linux-image-2.6.26-1-486 - Linux 2.6.26 image on x86

linux-image-2.6.26-1-686-bigmem - Linux 2.6.26 image on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4

linux-image-2.6.26-1-686 - Linux 2.6.26 image on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4

linux-image-2.6.26-1-amd64 - Linux 2.6.26 image on AMD64

linux-image-2.6.26-1-openvz-686 - Linux 2.6.26 image on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4, OpenVZ support

linux-image-2.6.26-1-vserver-686-bigmem - Linux 2.6.26 image on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4, Linux-VServer support

linux-image-2.6.26-1-vserver-686 - Linux 2.6.26 image on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4, Linux-VServer support

linux-image-2.6.26-1-xen-686 - Linux 2.6.26 image on i686, oldstyle Xen support

linux-image-2.6.32-5-686 - Linux 2.6.32 for modern PCs

linux-image-2.6.32-5-686-bigmem - Linux 2.6.32 for PCs with 4GB+ RAM

linux-image-2.6-686 - Linux 2.6 for modern PCs (meta-package)

一直搜索不到以下版本，挺蛋疼的

linux-image-2.6.32-5-686-bigmem_2.6.32-31_i386.deb

只找到这个版本 linux-image-2.6.32-5-686-bigmem_2.6.32-35_i386.deb

而这个版本，系统本身的linux-base (>= 2.6.32-35)，所以无奈之下升级到linux-base_2.6.32-35，再安装linux-image-2.6.32-5-686-bigmem_2.6.32-35_i386.deb，之前为什么没想直接升级linux-base，因为升级这个会可能导致一些设备驱动无法兼容导致没加载成功

用root用户安装

wget http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/pool/main/l/linux-2.6/linux-base_2.6.32-35_all.deb

dpkg -i linux-base_2.6.32-35_all.deb

wget http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/pool/main/l/linux-2.6/linux-image-2.6.32-5-686-bigmem_2.6.32-35_i386.deb

dpkg -i linux-image-2.6.32-5-686-bigmem_2.6.32-35_i386.deb

或者aptitude install linux-image-2.6.32-5-686-bigmem

新内核加到开机启动菜单
root@debian:/etc# update-grub

Generating grub.cfg ...

Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-686-bigmem

Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-5-686-bigmem

Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-686

Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-5-686

done

最后重新启动系统

再次检查一下系统版本
root@debian:/etc# uname -a

Linux debian 2.6.32-5-686-bigmem #1 SMP Mon Jun 13 05:03:09 UTC 2011 i686 GNU/Linux

再查看

root@debian:/etc# free

total used free shared buffers cached

Mem: 4144028 132564 4011464 0 3696 81800

-/+ buffers/cache: 47068 4096960

Swap: 5840888 0 5840888

说明成功了

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Debian系统更新内核支持bigmem版本解决认不到4g内存