系统发行代号及对应版本

wheezy  -- 7.x
jessie  -- 8.x
stretch -- 9.x
buster  -- 10.x
testing -- 当前开发中的最新版本

官方源

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free

国内镜像源

清华大学：

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free

腾讯云：

deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free
#deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
#deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
#deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
#deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free

阿里云：

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security stretch/updates main
#deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security stretch/updates main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch-updates main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch-backports main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch-backports main non-free contrib

163：

deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch-updates main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch-backports main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch-backports main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ stretch/updates main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ stretch/updates main non-free contrib

更新缓存

apt-get clean all
apt-get update