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Nginx conf配置详解

时间:2014-08-23 03:49来源:linux.it.net.cn 作者:it
在进行Nginx配置的时候会出现很多不明白的地方,其实有些时候只要换一个思维的方式就能找多你要解决问题的方法。官方配置样例:http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxFullExample

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#运行用户  
   user nobody nobody;  
   #启动进程  
   worker_processes 4;  
   #全局错误日志及PID文档  [ debug | info | notice | warn | error | crit ]
   error_log logs/error.log notice;  
   pid logs/Nginx.pid;  
   #工作模式及连接数上限  
   events {
        #工作模式有:# use [ kqueue | rtsig | epoll | /dev/poll | select | poll ] ; 
        use epoll;  
        worker_connections 1024;  
  }  
  #设定http服务器,利用他的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持  
  http {  
       #设定mime类型  
       include conf/mime.types;  
       default_type application/octet-stream;  
       #设定日志格式  
       log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '  
                             '"$request" $status $bytes_sent '  
                             '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" '  
                             '"$gzip_ratio"';  
       log_format download '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '  
                             '"$request" $status $bytes_sent '  
                             '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" '  
                             '"$http_range" "$sent_http_content_range"';  
        #设定请求缓冲  
       client_header_buffer_size 1k;  
       large_client_header_buffers 4 4k;  
       #开启gzip模块  
       gzip on;  
       gzip_min_length 1100;  
       gzip_buffers 4 8k;  
       gzip_types text/plain;  
       output_buffers 1 32k;  
       postpone_output 1460;  
       #设定access log  
       access_log logs/access.log main;  
       client_header_timeout 3m;  
       client_body_timeout 3m;  
       send_timeout 3m;  
       sendfile on;   #指令激活或停用的sendfile()的用法。
       tcp_nopush on;  
       tcp_nodelay on;  
       keepalive_timeout 65;  
       #设定负载均衡的服务器列表  
       upstream mysvr {  
              #weigth参数表示权值,权值越高被分配到的几率越大  
              #本机上的Squid开启3128端口  
              server 192.168.8.1:3128 weight=5;  
              server 192.168.8.2:80 weight=1;  
              server 192.168.8.3:80 weight=6;  
       }  
      #设定虚拟主机  
      server {  
              listen 80;  
              server_name 192.168.8.1  www.yejr.com;  
              charset utf8;  
              #设定本虚拟主机的访问日志  
              access_log logs/www.yejr.com.access.log main;  
              #假如访问 /img/*, /js/*, /css/* 资源,则直接取本地文档,不通过squid  
             #假如这些文档较多,不推荐这种方式,因为通过squid的缓存效果更好  
             location ~ ^/(img|js|css)/ {  
                    root /data3/Html;  
                    expires 24h;  
             }  
             #对 "/" 启用负载均衡  
             location / {  
                     proxy_pass http://mysvr;  
                     proxy_redirect off;  
                     proxy_set_header Host $host;  
                     proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;  
                     proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;  
                     client_max_body_size 10m;  
                     client_body_buffer_size 128k;  
                     proxy_connect_timeout 90;  
                     proxy_send_timeout 90;  
                     proxy_read_timeout 90;  
                     proxy_buffer_size 4k;  
                     proxy_buffers 4 32k;  
                     proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;  
                     proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;  
            }  
            #设定查看Nginx状态的地址  
            location /NginxStatus {  
                     stub_status on;  
                     access_log on;  
                     auth_basic "NginxStatus";  
                     auth_basic_user_file conf/htpasswd;  
            }  
            # error_page 404 /404.html; 

            # location /404.html { 
                 # root /spool/www; 
                 # charset on; 
                 # source_charset koi8-r; 
            # } 
            # location /old_stuff/ { 
                 # rewrite ^/old_stuff/(.*)$ /new_stuff/$1 permanent; 
            # } 
            #location /download/ { 
                 # valid_referers none blocked server_names *.example.com; 
                 # if ($invalid_referer) { 
                       # #rewrite ^/ http://www.example.com/; 
                       # return 403; 
                  # } 
                  # rewrite_log on; 
                  # # rewrite /download/*/mp3/*.any_ext to /download/*/mp3/*.mp3 
                  # rewrite ^/(download/.*)/mp3/(.*)\..*$ /$1/mp3/$2.mp3 break; 
                  # root /spool/www; 
                  # # autoindex on; 
                  # access_log /var/log/nginx-download.access_log download; 
             # } 
             # location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif)$ { 
                   # root /spool/www; 
                   # access_log off; 
                   # expires 30d; 
             #}
       }  

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备注:conf/htpasswd 文档的内容用 apache 提供的 htpasswd 工具来产生即可.

查看 Nginx 运行状态 输入地址http://192.168.8.1/NginxStatus/ 。输入验证帐号密码,即可看到类似如下内容:

       Active connections: 328  
       server accepts handled requests  
       9309 8982 28890  
       Reading: 1 Writing: 3 Waiting: 324 
第一行表示现在活跃的连接数,第三行的第三个数字表示Nginx运行着。 (责任编辑:IT)
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