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nginx+php-fpm性能参数优化原则

时间:2014-11-22 00:14来源:linux.it.net.cn 作者:IT
1.worker_processes 越大越好(一定数量后性能增加不明显)
 
2.worker_cpu_affinity 所有cpu平分worker_processes 要比每个worker_processes 都跨cpu分配性能要好;不考虑php的执行,测试结果worker_processes数量是cpu核数的2倍性能最优
 
3.unix domain socket(共享内存的方式)要比tcp网络端口配置性能要好
不考虑backlog,请求速度有量级的飞跃,但错误率超过50%
加上backlog,性能有10%左右提升
 
4. 调整nginx、php-fpm和内核的backlog(积压),connect() to unix:/tmp/php-fpm.socket failed (11: Resource temporarily unavailable) while connecting to upstream错误的返回会减少
nginx:
配置文件的server块
listen 80 default backlog=1024;
 
php-fpm:
配置文件的
listen.backlog = 2048
 
kernel参数:
/etc/sysctl.conf,不能低于上面的配置
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 4096
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 4096
 
5.增加单台服务器上的php-fpm的master实例,会增加fpm的处理能力,也能减少报错返回的几率
多实例启动方法,使用多个配置文件:
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -y /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf &
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -y /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm1.conf &
 
nginx的fastcgi配置
   upstream phpbackend {
#    server  127.0.0.1:9000 weight=100 max_fails=10 fail_timeout=30;
#    server  127.0.0.1:9001 weight=100 max_fails=10 fail_timeout=30;
#    server  127.0.0.1:9002 weight=100 max_fails=10 fail_timeout=30;
#    server  127.0.0.1:9003 weight=100 max_fails=10 fail_timeout=30;
    server  unix:/var/www/php-fpm.sock weight=100 max_fails=10 fail_timeout=30;
    server  unix:/var/www/php-fpm1.sock weight=100 max_fails=10 fail_timeout=30;
    server  unix:/var/www/php-fpm2.sock weight=100 max_fails=10 fail_timeout=30;
    server  unix:/var/www/php-fpm3.sock weight=100 max_fails=10 fail_timeout=30;
#    server  unix:/var/www/php-fpm4.sock weight=100 max_fails=10 fail_timeout=30;
#    server  unix:/var/www/php-fpm5.sock weight=100 max_fails=10 fail_timeout=30;
#    server  unix:/var/www/php-fpm6.sock weight=100 max_fails=10 fail_timeout=30;
#    server  unix:/var/www/php-fpm7.sock weight=100 max_fails=10 fail_timeout=30;
   }
 
     location ~ \.php* {
       fastcgi_pass  phpbackend;
#      fastcgi_pass  unix:/var/www/php-fpm.sock;
       fastcgi_index index.php;
    ..........
    }
 
6.测试环境和结果
 
内存2G
swap2G
cpu 2核 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405  @ 2.00GHz
采用ab远程访问测试,测试程序为php的字符串处理程序
 
 
1)在开4个php-fpm实例,nginx 8个worker_processes 每个cpu4个worker_processes ,backlog为1024,php的backlog为2048,内核backlog为4096,采用unix domain socket连接的情况下,其他保持参数不变
 
性能和错误率较为平衡,可接受,超过4个fpm实例,性能开始下降,错误率并没有明显下降
结论是fpm实例数,worker_processes数和cpu保持倍数关系,性能较高
影响性能和报错的参数为
php-fpm实例,nginx worker_processes数量,fpm的max_request,php的backlog,unix domain socket
 
 
10W请求,500并发无报错,1000并发报错率为0.9%
 
500并发:
Time taken for tests:  25 seconds avg.
Complete requests:    100000
Failed requests:     0
Write errors:      0
Requests per second:   4000 [#/sec] (mean) avg.
Time per request:    122.313 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:    0.245 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:      800 [Kbytes/sec] received avg.
 
1000并发:
Time taken for tests:  25 seconds avg.
Complete requests:    100000
Failed requests:     524
  (Connect: 0, Length: 524, Exceptions: 0)
Write errors:      0
Non-2xx responses:    524
Requests per second:   3903.25 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:    256.197 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:    0.256 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:      772.37 [Kbytes/sec] received
 
2)在其他参数不变,unix domain socket换为tcp网络端口连接,结果如下
 
500并发:
Concurrency Level:    500
Time taken for tests:  26.934431 seconds
Complete requests:    100000
Failed requests:     0
Write errors:      0
Requests per second:   3712.72 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:    134.672 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:    0.269 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:      732.37 [Kbytes/sec] received
 
1000并发:
Concurrency Level:    1000
Time taken for tests:  28.385349 seconds
Complete requests:    100000
Failed requests:     0
Write errors:      0
Requests per second:   3522.94 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:    283.853 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:    0.284 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:      694.94 [Kbytes/sec] received
 
与1)比较,有大约10%的性能下降
 
7. 5.16调整fpm的max_request参数为1000,并发1000报错返回降到200个以下,
Transfer rate在800左右



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