Linux系统如何配置Nginx服务自动启动

Nginx作为基本的服务，需要在Linux启动时实现自启动。通过编写脚本注册为服务即可，并且由于Nginx与keepalived实现了HA，所以需要关注两者自启动的顺序。

1.脚本

shell>vi /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: 2345 15 85
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
# Attention! Where nginx exists
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
prog=$(basename ${nginx})
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
restart
;;
reload)
reload
;;
status)
status $prog
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|reload}"
exit 2
esac
exit $RETVAL

在脚本中，需要关注的有：
chkconfig: 2345 15 85 是指定了chkconfig将其加入到自启动服务时的runlevel，启动顺序和关闭顺序。这里在2345下on，启动顺序为15，85为关闭顺序。
这里由于搭建了keepalived+Nginx做高可用，keepalived的自启动顺序为21，而keepalived会检测Nginx是否活动，即keepalived依赖于Nginx，所以启动顺序应该为先Nginx，后keepalived，通过chkconfig的指定顺序实现。

2.设置可执行

shell>chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx

3.配置自启动

shell>chkconfig --level 2345 nginx on

4.检查与keepalived的启动顺序

shell>ls -lrtR /etc/rc.d | grep -E 'keepalived|nginx'
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1288 Mar 28 20:18 keepalived
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1649 May 23 13:48 nginx
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 20 May 22 15:40 S21keepalived -> ../init.d/keepalived
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 May 23 13:53 S15nginx -> ../init.d/nginx
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 20 May 22 15:40 S21keepalived -> ../init.d/keepalived
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 May 23 13:53 S15nginx -> ../init.d/nginx
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 20 May 22 15:40 S21keepalived -> ../init.d/keepalived
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 May 23 13:53 S15nginx -> ../init.d/nginx
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 20 May 22 15:40 S21keepalived -> ../init.d/keepalived
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 May 23 13:53 S15nginx -> ../init.d/nginx

均是nginx先启动，OK

5.基本功能检查

shell>service nginx status
nginx (pid 13286 13285 13284 13283 13282 13281 13280 13279 13277 13276 13275 13274 13273) 正在运行...
shell>service nginx stop
停止 nginx： [确定]
shell>service nginx status
nginx 已停
shell>service nginx restart
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
停止 nginx： [失败]
正在启动 nginx： [确定]
shell>service nginx status
nginx (pid 13391 13390 13389 13388 13387 13386 13385 13384 13382 13381 13380 13379 13378) 正在运行...
shell>service nginx reload
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
重新载入 nginx： [确定]
shell>service nginx status
nginx (pid 13435 13434 13433 13432 13431 13430 13429 13428 13427 13426 13425 13424 13378) 正在运行...

检查无误，OK

(责任编辑：IT)

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Linux系统如何配置Nginx服务自动启动