公司有些同事说PPTP连接不成功,所以我在网上搜集了一些资料,需要用OpenVPN来搭建vpn。
测试环境:
wget http://www.oberhumer.com/opensource/lzo/download/lzo-2.06.tar.gz wget http://openvpn.net/release/openvpn-2.1.3.zip
第二部 使用 yum 程序安装所需开发包:
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel automake pkgconfig iptables
第三步:安装OpenVPN服务端 1.安装 LZO
tar zxvf lzo-2.06.tar.gz cd lzo-2.06 make make check make install cd ..
2.安装 OpenVPN
tar zxvf openvpn-2.1.3.tar.gz cd openvpn-2.1.3 ./configure --with-lzo-headers=/usr/local/include --with-lzo-lib=/usr/local/lib --with-ssl-headers=/usr/local/include/openssl --with-ssl-lib=/usr/local/lib make make install
3.生成证书Key
cd easy-rsa/2.0/ vim vars #调到最后找到一下代码 export KEY_COUNTRY="CN" #国家 CN就行 export KEY_PROVINCE="BJ" #省份 export KEY_CITY="BJ" #城市 export KEY_ORG="mosh" #组织 export KEY_EMAIL="wangshangyou@mosh.cn" #邮箱 export KEY_EMAIL=wangshangyou@mosh.cn #邮箱 export KEY_CN=changeme export KEY_NAME=changeme export KEY_OU=changeme export PKCS11_MODULE_PATH=changeme export PKCS11_PIN=1234 #保存退出
source vars
如果出现一下情况:
[root@li402-211 2.0]# source vars ************************************************************** No /root/OpenVPN/openvpn-2.2.2/easy-rsa/2.0/openssl.cnf file could be found Further invocations will fail ************************************************************* NOTE: If you run ./clean-all, I will be doing a rm -rf on /root/OpenVPN/openvpn-2.2.2/easy-rsa/2.0/keys 执行: cp openssl-1.0.0.cnf openssl.cnf
./clean-all./build-ca
[root@li402-211 2.0]# ./build-ca
Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key ................++++++ .........................++++++ writing new private key to 'ca.key' ----- You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]: State or Province Name (full name) [BJ]: Locality Name (eg, city) [BJ]: Organization Name (eg, company) [mosh]: Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) [changeme]:mosh Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) [changeme]:v.wangshangyou.com Name [changeme]:wsy Email Address [wangshangyou@mosh.cn]: [root@li402-211 2.0]#
Organizational Unit Name 可以填写公司的名字
Common Name 可以填写服务器所在的hostname Name 可以写操作者的名字
4.建立 server key 代码:
./build-key-server server
[root@li402-211 2.0]# ./build-key-server server
Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key ...++++++ ....++++++ writing new private key to 'server.key' ----- You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]: State or Province Name (full name) [BJ]: Locality Name (eg, city) [BJ]: Organization Name (eg, company) [mosh]: Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) [changeme]:mosh Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) [server]:v.wangshangyou.com Name [changeme]:wsy Email Address [wangshangyou@mosh.cn]: Please enter the following 'extra' attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password []: An optional company name []:mosh Using configuration from /root/OpenVPN/openvpn-2.2.2/easy-rsa/2.0/openssl.cnf Check that the request matches the signature Signature ok The Subject's Distinguished Name is as follows countryName :PRINTABLE:'CN' stateOrProvinceName :PRINTABLE:'BJ' localityName :PRINTABLE:'BJ' organizationName :PRINTABLE:'mosh' organizationalUnitName:PRINTABLE:'mosh' commonName :PRINTABLE:'v.wangshangyou.com' name :PRINTABLE:'wsy' emailAddress :IA5STRING:'wangshangyou@mosh.cn' Certificate is to be certified until Mar 1 07:33:10 2022 GMT (3650 days) Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y 1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y Write out database with 1 new entries Data Base Updated [root@li402-211 2.0]#
基本上跟./build-ca填写的一样就可以了
当提示输入密码的时候可以直接回车,也可以填入相应的密码
5.生成客户端 key
./build-key client1 #client1可以改名 但要以下面步骤一致
[root@li402-211 2.0]# ./build-key wsy
重复上面步骤可以生成客户端证书/key 但注意client1得不同 包括上面提示的Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key ..++++++ ...............++++++ writing new private key to 'wsy.key' ----- You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]: State or Province Name (full name) [BJ]: Locality Name (eg, city) [BJ]: Organization Name (eg, company) [mosh]: Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) [changeme]:mosh Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) [wsy]:wsy Name [changeme]:wsy Email Address [wangshangyou@mosh.cn]: Please enter the following 'extra' attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password []: An optional company name []:mosh Using configuration from /root/OpenVPN/openvpn-2.2.2/easy-rsa/2.0/openssl.cnf Check that the request matches the signature Signature ok The Subject's Distinguished Name is as follows countryName :PRINTABLE:'CN' stateOrProvinceName :PRINTABLE:'BJ' localityName :PRINTABLE:'BJ' organizationName :PRINTABLE:'mosh' organizationalUnitName :PRINTABLE:'mosh' commonName :PRINTABLE:'wsy' name :PRINTABLE:'wsy' emailAddress :IA5STRING:'wangshangyou@mosh.cn' Certificate is to be certified until Mar 1 07:39:00 2022 GMT (3650 days) Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y 1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y Write out database with 1 new entries Data Base Updated [root@li402-211 2.0]# Common Name (eg, your name or your server’s hostname) [client1]:client1 可以是client2,client3….
其他基本上和上面的一致就行
commonName 要和你生成客户端key名字一致 比如 本例中要生成的key位client1 这里必须写client1
6.生成 Diffie Hellman 参数 首先修改vi build-dh,把$OPENSSL 改成openssl,然后执行
./build-dh openvpn --genkey --secret keys/ta.key7.将 keys 下的所有文件打包下载到本地
tar zcvf keys.tar.gz keys/ sz keys.tar.gz
8.创建服务端
mkdir /etc/openvpn mv keys.tar.gz /etc/openvpn/ cd ../../ cp sample-config-files/server.conf /etc/openvpn/ vim /etc/openvpn/server.conf
#################################################
# Sample OpenVPN 2.0 config file for # # multi-client server. # # # # This file is for the server side # # of a many-clients <-> one-server # # OpenVPN configuration. # # # # OpenVPN also supports # # single-machine <-> single-machine # # configurations (See the Examples page # # on the web site for more info). # # # # This config should work on Windows # # or Linux/BSD systems. Remember on # # Windows to quote pathnames and use # # double backslashes, e.g.: # # "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\foo.key" # # # # Comments are preceded with '#' or ';' # ################################################# # Which local IP address should OpenVPN # listen on? (optional) local 106.182.53.211 #服务器外网ip # Which TCP/UDP port should OpenVPN listen on? # If you want to run multiple OpenVPN instances # on the same machine, use a different port # number for each one. You will need to # open up this port on your firewall. port 1194 # TCP or UDP server? proto tcp ;proto udp #走tcp协议 # "dev tun" will create a routed IP tunnel, # "dev tap" will create an ethernet tunnel. # Use "dev tap0" if you are ethernet bridging # and have precreated a tap0 virtual interface # and bridged it with your ethernet interface. # If you want to control access policies # over the VPN, you must create firewall # rules for the the TUN/TAP interface. # On non-Windows systems, you can give # an explicit unit number, such as tun0. # On Windows, use "dev-node" for this. # On most systems, the VPN will not function # unless you partially or fully disable # the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface. ;dev tap dev tun # Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name # from the Network Connections panel if you # have more than one. On XP SP2 or higher, # you may need to selectively disable the # Windows firewall for the TAP adapter. # Non-Windows systems usually don't need this. ;dev-node MyTap # SSL/TLS root certificate (ca), certificate # (cert), and private key (key). Each client # and the server must have their own cert and # key file. The server and all clients will # use the same ca file. # # See the "easy-rsa" directory for a series # of scripts for generating RSA certificates # and private keys. Remember to use # a unique Common Name for the server # and each of the client certificates. # # Any X509 key management system can be used. # OpenVPN can also use a PKCS #12 formatted key file # (see "pkcs12" directive in man page). ca /etc/openvpn/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/keys/server.key # This file should be kept secret # Diffie hellman parameters. # Generate your own with: # openssl dhparam -out dh1024.pem 1024 # Substitute 2048 for 1024 if you are using # 2048 bit keys. dh /etc/openvpn/keys/dh1024.pem # Configure server mode and supply a VPN subnet # for OpenVPN to draw client addresses from. # The server will take 10.8.0.1 for itself, # the rest will be made available to clients. # Each client will be able to reach the server # on 10.8.0.1. Comment this line out if you are # ethernet bridging. See the man page for more info. server 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 #服务器分给客户端ip段 # Maintain a record of client <-> virtual IP address # associations in this file. If OpenVPN goes down or # is restarted, reconnecting clients can be assigned # the same virtual IP address from the pool that was # previously assigned. ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt # Configure server mode for ethernet bridging. # You must first use your OS's bridging capability # to bridge the TAP interface with the ethernet # NIC interface. Then you must manually set the # IP/netmask on the bridge interface, here we # assume 10.8.0.4/255.255.255.0. Finally we # must set aside an IP range in this subnet # (start=10.8.0.50 end=10.8.0.100) to allocate # to connecting clients. Leave this line commented # out unless you are ethernet bridging. ;server-bridge 10.8.0.4 255.255.255.0 10.8.0.50 10.8.0.100 # Configure server mode for ethernet bridging # using a DHCP-proxy, where clients talk # to the OpenVPN server-side DHCP server # to receive their IP address allocation # and DNS server addresses. You must first use # your OS's bridging capability to bridge the TAP # interface with the ethernet NIC interface. # Note: this mode only works on clients (such as # Windows), where the client-side TAP adapter is # bound to a DHCP client. ;server-bridge # Push routes to the client to allow it # to reach other private subnets behind # the server. Remember that these # private subnets will also need # to know to route the OpenVPN client # address pool (10.8.0.0/255.255.255.0) # back to the OpenVPN server. push "route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0" ;push "route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0" # To assign specific IP addresses to specific # clients or if a connecting client has a private # subnet behind it that should also have VPN access, # use the subdirectory "ccd" for client-specific # configuration files (see man page for more info). # EXAMPLE: Suppose the client # having the certificate common name "Thelonious" # also has a small subnet behind his connecting # machine, such as 192.168.40.128/255.255.255.248. # First, uncomment out these lines: ;client-config-dir ccd ;route 192.168.40.128 255.255.255.248 # Then create a file ccd/Thelonious with this line: # iroute 192.168.40.128 255.255.255.248 # This will allow Thelonious' private subnet to # access the VPN. This example will only work # if you are routing, not bridging, i.e. you are # using "dev tun" and "server" directives. # EXAMPLE: Suppose you want to give # Thelonious a fixed VPN IP address of 10.9.0.1. # First uncomment out these lines: ;client-config-dir ccd ;route 10.9.0.0 255.255.255.252 # Then add this line to ccd/Thelonious: # ifconfig-push 10.9.0.1 10.9.0.2 # Suppose that you want to enable different # firewall access policies for different groups # of clients. There are two methods: # (1) Run multiple OpenVPN daemons, one for each # group, and firewall the TUN/TAP interface # for each group/daemon appropriately. # (2) (Advanced) Create a script to dynamically # modify the firewall in response to access # from different clients. See man # page for more info on learn-address script. ;learn-address ./script # If enabled, this directive will configure # all clients to redirect their default # network gateway through the VPN, causing # all IP traffic such as web browsing and # and DNS lookups to go through the VPN # (The OpenVPN server machine may need to NAT # or bridge the TUN/TAP interface to the internet # in order for this to work properly). ;push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" push "redirect-gateway def1" #获取vpn服务器的默认网关 # Certain Windows-specific network settings # can be pushed to clients, such as DNS # or WINS server addresses. CAVEAT: # http://openvpn.net/faq.html#dhcpcaveats # The addresses below refer to the public # DNS servers provided by opendns.com. ;push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.222.222" ;push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.220.220" push "dhcp-option DNS 106.187.35.20" push "dhcp-option DNS 106.187.36.20" push "dhcp-option DNS 106.187.34.20" # Uncomment this directive to allow different # clients to be able to "see" each other. # By default, clients will only see the server. # To force clients to only see the server, you # will also need to appropriately firewall the # server's TUN/TAP interface. client-to-client #允许客户端相互访问 # Uncomment this directive if multiple clients # might connect with the same certificate/key # files or common names. This is recommended # only for testing purposes. For production use, # each client should have its own certificate/key # pair. # # IF YOU HAVE NOT GENERATED INDIVIDUAL # CERTIFICATE/KEY PAIRS FOR EACH CLIENT, # EACH HAVING ITS OWN UNIQUE "COMMON NAME", # UNCOMMENT THIS LINE OUT. ;duplicate-cn # The keepalive directive causes ping-like # messages to be sent back and forth over # the link so that each side knows when # the other side has gone down. # Ping every 10 seconds, assume that remote # peer is down if no ping received during # a 120 second time period. keepalive 10 120 # For extra security beyond that provided # by SSL/TLS, create an "HMAC firewall" # to help block DoS attacks and UDP port flooding. # # Generate with: # openvpn --genkey --secret ta.key # # The server and each client must have # a copy of this key. # The second parameter should be '0' # on the server and '1' on the clients. tls-auth /etc/openvpn/keys/ta.key 0 # This file is secret # Select a cryptographic cipher. # This config item must be copied to # the client config file as well. ;cipher BF-CBC # Blowfish (default) ;cipher AES-128-CBC # AES ;cipher DES-EDE3-CBC # Triple-DES # Enable compression on the VPN link. # If you enable it here, you must also # enable it in the client config file. comp-lzo # The maximum number of concurrently connected # clients we want to allow. ;max-clients 100 # It's a good idea to reduce the OpenVPN # daemon's privileges after initialization. # # You can uncomment this out on # non-Windows systems. ;user nobody ;group nobody # The persist options will try to avoid # accessing certain resources on restart # that may no longer be accessible because # of the privilege downgrade. persist-key persist-tun # Output a short status file showing # current connections, truncated # and rewritten every minute. status openvpn-status.log # By default, log messages will go to the syslog (or # on Windows, if running as a service, they will go to # the "\Program Files\OpenVPN\log" directory). # Use log or log-append to override this default. # "log" will truncate the log file on OpenVPN startup, # while "log-append" will append to it. Use one # or the other (but not both). ;log openvpn.log ;log-append openvpn.log # Set the appropriate level of log # file verbosity. # # 0 is silent, except for fatal errors # 4 is reasonable for general usage # 5 and 6 can help to debug connection problems # 9 is extremely verbose verb 4 # Silence repeating messages. At most 20 # sequential messages of the same message # category will be output to the log. ;mute 20
push "dhcp-option DNS 106.187.35.20"
push "dhcp-option DNS 106.187.36.20" push "dhcp-option DNS 106.187.34.20" 这里的dns是你server上dns 可以用下面的命令查看 vim /etc/resolv.conf tar zxvf /etc/openvpn/keys.tar.gz rm -rf /etc/openvpn/keys.tar.gz
9.创建openvpn服务
cp sample-scripts/openvpn.init /etc/rc.d/init.d/openvpn chkconfig --add openvpn
10.启动openvpn服务
service openvpn restart
正常启动
[root@li402-211 openvpn-2.2.2]# service openvpn restart Shutting down openvpn: [ OK ] Starting openvpn: [ OK ] 11.设置openvpn服务开机启动
chkconfig openvpn on
第四步:OpenVPN 访问外网的设置 1.打开路由 VPN连接成功后, 还需要设置路由, 才能透过VPN访问Internet. 在 linux host 上添加路由: 代码:
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.10.0/24 -o eth0 -j SNAT --to-source 106.182.53.211 /etc/init.d/iptables save /etc/init.d/iptables restart
不同的服务器,-o eth0 参数可能不一样,具体可输入 ifconfig 查看,搞清 ip(106.182.53.211 )所在的网卡号.
2.打开iptables转发设置
-s 后面的ip是你设置连接上vpn后分配给客户端ip --to--source 后面的ip是服务器所在的ip
sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1第五步:OpenVPN GUI For Windows 客户端安装
请到 http://openvpn.se下载OpenVPN GUI For Windows 客户端,请按照提示安装到你的本机 http://openvpn.se/files/install_packages/openvpn-2.0.9-gui-1.0.3-install.exe 1.将C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\sample-config\client.ovpn 复制到C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\config 2.将下载的keys.tar.gz复制到 C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\config 3.编辑client.ovpn
##############################################
# Sample client-side OpenVPN 2.0 config file # # for connecting to multi-client server. # # # # This configuration can be used by multiple # # clients, however each client should have # # its own cert and key files. # # # # On Windows, you might want to rename this # # file so it has a .ovpn extension # ############################################## # Specify that we are a client and that we # will be pulling certain config file directives # from the server. client # Use the same setting as you are using on # the server. # On most systems, the VPN will not function # unless you partially or fully disable # the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface. ;dev tap dev tun # Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name # from the Network Connections panel # if you have more than one. On XP SP2, # you may need to disable the firewall # for the TAP adapter. ;dev-node MyTap # Are we connecting to a TCP or # UDP server? Use the same setting as # on the server. proto tcp ;proto udp #tcp协议 # The hostname/IP and port of the server. # You can have multiple remote entries # to load balance between the servers. remote 106.182.53.211 1194 #服务器外网ip ;remote my-server-2 1194 # Choose a random host from the remote # list for load-balancing. Otherwise # try hosts in the order specified. ;remote-random # Keep trying indefinitely to resolve the # host name of the OpenVPN server. Very useful # on machines which are not permanently connected # to the internet such as laptops. resolv-retry infinite # Most clients don't need to bind to # a specific local port number. nobind # Downgrade privileges after initialization (non-Windows only) ;user nobody ;group nobody # Try to preserve some state across restarts. persist-key persist-tun # If you are connecting through an # HTTP proxy to reach the actual OpenVPN # server, put the proxy server/IP and # port number here. See the man page # if your proxy server requires # authentication. ;http-proxy-retry # retry on connection failures ;http-proxy [proxy server] [proxy port #] # Wireless networks often produce a lot # of duplicate packets. Set this flag # to silence duplicate packet warnings. ;mute-replay-warnings # SSL/TLS parms. # See the server config file for more # description. It's best to use # a separate .crt/.key file pair # for each client. A single ca # file can be used for all clients. ca keys/ca.crt cert keys/wsy.crt key keys/wsy.key # Verify server certificate by checking # that the certicate has the nsCertType # field set to "server". This is an # important precaution to protect against # a potential attack discussed here: # http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm # # To use this feature, you will need to generate # your server certificates with the nsCertType # field set to "server". The build-key-server # script in the easy-rsa folder will do this. ;ns-cert-type server # If a tls-auth key is used on the server # then every client must also have the key. tls-auth keys/ta.key 1 # Select a cryptographic cipher. # If the cipher option is used on the server # then you must also specify it here. ;cipher x # Enable compression on the VPN link. # Don't enable this unless it is also # enabled in the server config file. comp-lzo # Set log file verbosity. verb 3 # Silence repeating messages ;mute 20 redirect-gateway def1 route-method exe route-delay 2
如果是windows 7必须加上下面两行
至此openvpn安装完毕可以链接使用了。
route-method exe route-delay 2
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