Centos下安装、Nginx笔记(一) 简单安装

时间:2014-05-15 02:06 来源:linux.it.net.cn 作者:it

前期安装：
     先简单安装
后期需要考虑内容：
1、要考虑Nginx自身的灾备/集群/负载均衡
2、没有对web节点进行健康检查

说明：
1、环境准备
ngixx反向代理服务器
系统：Centos 5.4
IP：60.x.x.55
域名：www.xx.com
Nginx 1.2.1：
   wget http://www.nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.1.tar.gz

2: 安装步骤
安装gcc编译器及相关工具
#yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake make
安装相关依赖的模块
#yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel

软件源代码包存放位置：/usr/local/src
# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://www.nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.1.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf nginx-1.2.1.tar.gz            // 解压包

#cd nginx-1.2.1
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx         //通过编译源码的方式进行安装
//------配置完毕后如下提示-----------//
Configuration summary
+ using system PCRE library
+ OpenSSL library is not used
+ md5: using system crypto library
+ sha1: using system crypto library
+ using system zlib library

nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
//----------------------------------------//

#make
#make install

配置文件：(配置和注释收集与网络)
#vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.config
-----------------------------------------nginx.config----------------------------------------------------------------
#运行用户
#user nobody;
#启动进程,通常设置成和cpu的数量相等
worker_processes 1;

#全局错误日志及PID文件
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

#工作模式及连接数上限
events {
    use   epoll;             #epoll是多路复用IO(I/O Multiplexing)中的一种方式,但是仅用于linux2.6以上内核,可以大大提高nginx的性能
    worker_connections 1024;#单个后台worker process进程的最大并发链接数
    # multi_accept on;
}

http {
         #设定mime类型,类型由mime.type文件定义
        include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
        default_type application/octet-stream;

      log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

        #设定日志格式
     access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main

      #sendfile 指令指定 nginx 是否调用 sendfile 函数（zero copy 方式）来输出文件，对于普通应用，
      #必须设为 on,如果用来进行下载等应用磁盘IO重负载应用，可设置为 off，以平衡磁盘与网络I/O处理速度，降低系统的uptime.
      sendfile        on;
      #tcp_nopush     on;

        #连接超时时间
        #keepalive_timeout 0;
        keepalive_timeout 65;
        tcp_nodelay        on;

        #开启gzip压缩
        gzip on;
        gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)";

      server {
        #侦听80端口
            listen       80;
            #定义使用www.xx.com访问
            server_name www.xx.com;

            #设定本虚拟主机的访问日志
            access_log logs/www.xx.com.access.log main;

        #默认请求
        location / {
              root   /usr/local/nginx/html;      #定义服务器的默认网站根目录位置
              index index.php index.html index.htm;   #定义首页索引文件的名称

            }

        # 定义错误提示页面
        error_page   500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
            root   /usr/local/nginx/html;
          }
      } #server
} #http
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3、如何启动Nginx
#启动nginx
#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
显示以下信息为正确的

the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
启动成功后，查看nginx进程信息： # ps -ef | grep nginx ，看是否存在nginx的进程来确认是否成功启动。

#重启动nginx
#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

测试http://www.xx.com/
同时记得检查centos防火墙设置，是否开启了相应端口，可使用setup命令来设置防火墙、dns、网络等信息。
如果默认的配置文件未做任何改动，使用浏览器直接访问nginx server，会出现提示：Welcome to Nginx

4、优化
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
在最后添加（待详细研究）
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768
net.core.somaxconn = 32768
net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535

保存退出后执行

sysctl -p

(责任编辑：IT)