Linux系统下安装PHPcgi的的详细过程

时间:2015-01-26 14:13 来源:linux.it.net.cn 作者:IT

一，什么是nginx，它有什么优点

Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。

Nginx 是一个很牛的高性能Web和反向代理服务器, 它具有有很多非常优越的特性:
在高连接并发的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品: Nginx在美国是做虚拟主机生意的老板们经常选择的软件平台之一. 能够支持高达 50,000 个并发连接数的响应, 感谢Nginx为我们选择了 epoll and kqueue作为开发模型.
Nginx作为负载均衡服务器: Nginx 既可以在内部直接支持 Rails 和 PHP 程序对外进行服务, 也可以支持作为 HTTP代理服务器对外进行服务. Nginx采用C进行编写, 不论是系统资源开销还是CPU使用效率都比 Perlbal 要好很多.
作为邮件代理服务器: Nginx 同时也是一个非常优秀的邮件代理服务器（最早开发这个产品的目的之一也是作为邮件代理服务器）, Last.fm 描述了成功并且美妙的使用经验.
Nginx 是一个安装非常的简单 , 配置文件非常简洁（还能够支持perl语法）, Bugs非常少的服务器: Nginx 启动特别容易, 并且几乎可以做到7*24不间断运行，即使运行数个月也不需要重新启动. 你还能够不间断服务的情况下进行软件版本的升级.

二，安装所要软件

wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.8.15.tar.gz

wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.9.tar.gz

wget http://museum.php.net/php5/php-5.2.6.tar.gz

三、安装PHP 5.2.6（FastCGI模式）

安装php的时候，需要安装支持php的一些库，不过一般情况，装好linux系统时，这些库基本上都装好，所以支持php安装的软件，就在这儿不说了。如果make && make install时提示出错时，你可以看一下缺少什么，你就装什么。

tar zxvf php-5.2.6.tar.gz
cd php-5.2.6/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-zlib-dir --with-freetype-dir=/usr --with-jpeg-dir=/usr --with-png-dir=/usr --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-gd --enable-ftp --with-iconv --with-gettext --with-curl --enable-fastcgi --with-openssl

make && make install
cd /usr/local/php/lib
cp php.ini-dist php.ini

cp /usr/local/php/bin/php /usr/bin/php-cgi

1，修改php.ini

nano php.ini 按f6然后输入extension_dir

查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"
修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"

2，启动php-cgi

/usr/local/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -C 5 -f /usr/bin/php-cgi

nginx配置文件中的 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; 就是根据上面来的

3，查看一下

[zhangy@BlackGhost www]$ ps -e|grep php-cgi
3737 ?        00:00:00 php-cgi
3738 ?        00:00:03 php-cgi
3739 ?        00:00:03 php-cgi
3740 ?        00:00:04 php-cgi
3741 ?        00:00:03 php-cgi
3742 ?        00:00:03 php-cgi

四，安装nginx

tar zxvf nginx-0.8.35.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.35/
./configure --user=zhangy --group=users --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre
make && make install

1,配置nginx.conf

nano /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user  zhangy users;

worker_processes 10;

error_log  /var/vlogs/nginx_error.log  crit;

pid        /var/vlogs/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 65535;
}

http
{
  include       mime.types;
  default_type  application/octet-stream;

  #charset  gb2312;

  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  client_max_body_size 8m;

  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush     on;

  keepalive_timeout 60;

  tcp_nodelay on;

  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

  gzip on;
  gzip_min_length  1k;
  gzip_buffers     4 16k;
  gzip_http_version 1.0;
  gzip_comp_level 2;
  gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  gzip_vary on;

  #limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;

    upstream 127.0.0.1:1081  { server 127.0.0.1:1081; }
    upstream localhost:1080 { server 127.0.0.1:1080; }

  server
  {
    listen       10000;
    server_name  :10000;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root  /home/zhangy/www/metbee/trunk/src/web;

    #limit_conn   crawler  20;

    location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {

         proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:1081;
         break;

      #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fastcgi.conf;
    }

#     location /main {
#         proxy_pass http://fast_test;
#         break;
#     }

    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
      expires      30d;
    }

    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
    {
      expires      1h;
    }

    log_format  access  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
              '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
              '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log  /var/log/metbee.log  access;
      }

  server
  {
    listen       80;
    server_name  :80;
    index index.html index.htm blog/index.php;
    root  /home/zhangy/www;

     location /test {

         proxy_pass http://localhost:1080;
         break;
     }

#   location ~ .*\.(php|php5|html)?$
# location ~ .*
#    {

if (!-e $request_filename){
        rewrite ^/tag/(.*) /blog/index.php?tag=$1 last;
        rewrite ^/page/(\d+)$  /blog/index.php?paged=$1 last;
        rewrite ^/(.*)/(\d+)\.html /blog/index.php?p=$2 last;
        rewrite ^/category/(.*) /blog/index.php?category_name=$1 last;
#       rewrite ^/date/([0-9]{4,4})/([0-9]{1,2})?$ /blog/index.php?year=$1&monthnum=$2&page=$3 last;
#       rewrite ^/date/([0-9]{4,4})/([0-9]{1,2})?$ /blog/index.php?m=$1$2 last;
    rewrite ^/newpage(\d+)$  /blog/index.php?page_id=$1 last;
    rewrite ^/feed$  /blog/index.php?feed=rss2 last;
    rewrite ^/comment/feed$  /blog/index.php?feed=comment-rss2 last;
        rewrite http://blog.51yip.com$ http://blog.51yip.com/blog/index.php redirect;
}

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
   {
      #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fastcgi.conf;
    }

    log_format  wwwlogs  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
               '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
               '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log  /var/log/wwwlogs.log  wwwlogs;
  }

  server
  {
    listen       10001;
    server_name  :10001;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root  /mnt/song/fastfds2/data;

    location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {
      #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fastcgi.conf;
    }

    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
      expires      30d;
    }

    log_format  imagelogs  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
               '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
               '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log  /var/log/imagelogs.log  imagelogs;
  }

  server
  {
    listen  11211;
    server_name :11211;

    location / {
    stub_status on;
    access_log   off;
    }
  }
}

2，fastcgi.conf

cd /usr/local/nginx/conf

nano /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf

fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;

fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;

3，优化linux内核参数

nano /etc/sysctl.conf

在末尾加上下面的东东

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768
net.core.somaxconn = 32768

net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800

#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535

4,启动nginx

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

5,查看启动

[zhangy@BlackGhost www]$ ps -e|grep nginx
4070 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4071 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4072 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4073 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4074 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4075 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4076 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4077 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4078 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4079 ?        00:00:00 nginx

五，开机启动

nano /etc/rc.local

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -C 5 -f /usr/bin/php-cgi
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

nginx fastcgi

(责任编辑：IT)