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centos7.0系统lvs安装部署

系统:CentOS Linux release 7.0.1406 (Core)

首先,设置系统语言格式,用系统自带的yum命令安装、升级所需的程序库

#LANG=C

yuminstall gcc gcc-c++ libtool libtool-libs kernel kernel-devel libjpeglibjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel libtiff libtiff-devel gettext gettext-devellibxml2 libxml2-devel zlib-devel net-snmp file glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 diff*openldap-devel bzip2-devel ncurses* curl e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel vim-minimal unzip freetypefreetype-devel png jpeg zlib gd php-gd* libiconv libevent mhash mcryptyum-fastestmirror ntp patch flex bison tar pcre pcre-devel pcre-static automakeautoconf glibc glibc-devel openldap nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-serverslibart_lgpl-devel pixman pixman-devel pango-devel* cairo-devel* perl-*curl-devel make apr* keyutils keyutils-libs-devel kernel-headers compat* mpfrcpp libgomp libstdc++-devel ppl cloog-ppl libcom_err-devel libsepol-devellibselinux-devel libXpm* php-common

一、安装前系统设置

1、修改当前的最大打开文件数

echo -e "ulimit -SHn 51200" >> /etc/rc.local

echo -e "ulimit -SHn 51200" >> /etc/profile

echo -e "* soft nofile  51200" >> /etc/security/limits.conf

echo -e "* hard nofile  51200" >> /etc/security/limits.conf

source /etc/profile

2、防火墙设置

 

centos7.0默认防火墙为firewalld(为了测试,关闭默认防火墙,使用iptables防火墙)

 

systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall

systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动

查看默认防火墙状态:

firewall-cmd --state

not running

 

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

wKioL1VRlsnDzfJRAAFlaAlcEEI648.jpg

/bin/systemctl enableiptables.service

/bin/systemctl restartiptables.service

3、修改selinux

sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/#SELINUX=enforcing/'/etc/selinux/config

sed -i 's/SELINUXTYPE=targeted/#SELINUXTYPE=targeted/'/etc/selinux/config

echo -e "SELINUX=disabled" >>/etc/selinux/config

 

4、卸载java

rpm -qa | grep java

(查询出来的java包都卸载)

5.重启reboot

 

二、安装lvs

122.144.166.21:LVS_MASTER

122.144.166.22:LVS_BACKUP

122.144.177.21:LVS_MASTER_VIP

real_server:122.144.166.100

real_server:122.144.166.101

 

安装所需依赖包

yum install popt-static kernel-devel make gcc openssl-devel lftplibnl* popt* openssl-devel lftplibnl* popt* libnl* libpopt* gcc*

 

1lvs安装部署:在两台LVS Server上安装lvskeepalived软件(LVS_MASTER & LVS_BACKUP

查看内核模块是否支持
lsmod | grep ip_vs  #发现没有 
2、安装ipvsadm
wget http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz
 
tar zxf ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz  
cd ipvsadm-1.26 

rpm -qa | grep kernel-devel(默认已经安装)

make && make install

加载ip_vs模块
#执行ipvsadm命令加载 
ipvsadm 
#
查看结果 (能够显示表示成功)

wKiom1VRlj6R9J74AAFDUYmdxXA917.jpg

3keepalived安装部署:

wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.16.tar.gz

tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.16.tar.gz

cd keepalived-1.2.16/

./configure 

make && make install

 

######### keepalived做成启动服务,方便管理##########

cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

mkdir /etc/keepalived/

cp /usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

service keepalived restart  

4、开启路由转发

vi /etc/sysctl.conf 

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 0

net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 0

net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 0

net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 0

刷新系统变量,使系统文件变更马上生效

sysctl –p

echo 1> /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward    

5LVS_MASTER上配置虚拟vip地址

ifconfig lo:0 122.144.177.21 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 122.144.177.255(我这里使用122.144.177.21为漂移地址,建议增加lo:0配置文件,为防止重启失效)

6、配置Keepalived

################个例详细介绍#########################

vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

   router_idLVS_DEVEL_MASTER #表示运行keepalived服务器的一个标识。发邮件时显示在邮件主题的信息

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    state MASTER #指定keepalived的角色,MASTER表示此主机是主服务器,BACKUP表示此主机是备用服务器

    interface em1 #指定HA监测网络的接口

    virtual_router_id 51 #虚拟路由标识,这个标识是一个数字,同一个vrrp实例使用唯一的标识。即同一vrrp_instance下,MASTERBACKUP必须是一致的

    priority 100 #定义优先级,数字越大,优先级越高,在同一个vrrp_instance下,MASTER的优先级必须大于BACKUP的优先级

    advert_int 1 #设定MASTERBACKUP负载均衡器之间同步检查的时间间隔,单位是秒

    authentication {#设置验证类型和密码

        auth_type PASS #设置验证类型,主要有PASSAH两种

        auth_pass 1111 #设置验证密码,在同一个vrrp_instance下,MASTERBACKUP必须使用相同的密码才能正常通信

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {#设置虚拟IP地址,可以设置多个虚拟IP地址,每行一个

        122.144.177.216

    }

}

virtual_server 122.144.177.216 80 {#设置虚拟服务器,需要指定虚拟IP地址和服务端口,IP与端口之间用空格隔开

    delay_loop 6 #设置运行情况检查时间,单位是秒

    lb_algo rr #设置负载调度算法,这里设置为rr,即轮询算法

    lb_kind DR #设置LVS实现负载均衡的机制,有NATTUNDR三个模式可选

    nat_mask 255.255.255.0

    persistence_timeout 50#会话保持时间,单位是秒。这个选项对动态网页是非常有用的,为集群系统中的session共享提供了一个很好的解决方案。#有了这个会话保持功能,用户的请求会被一直分发到某个服务节点,直到超过这个会话的保持时间。#需要注意的是,这个会话保持时间是最大无响应超时时间,也就是说,用户在操作动态页面时,如果50秒内没有执行任何操作, #那么接下来的操作会被分发到另外的节点,但是如果用户一直在操作动态页面,则不受50秒的时间限制

    protocol TCP #指定转发协议类型,有TCPUDP两种

    real_server122.144.166.213 80 {#配置服务节点1,需要指定realserver的真实IP地址和端口,IP与端口之间用空格隔开

        weight 1 #配置服务节点的权值,权值大小用数字表示,数字越大,权值越高,设置权值大小可以为不同性能的服务器,#分配不同的负载,可以为性能高的服务器设置较高的权值,而为性能较低的服务器设置相对较低的权值,这样才能合理地利用和分配系统资源

           connect_timeout 3 #表示3秒无响应超时

            nb_get_retry 3#表示重试次数

           delay_before_retry 3 #表示重试间隔

    }

real_server 122.144.166.214 80 {

        weight 1

           connect_timeout 3

            nb_get_retry 3

           delay_before_retry 3

    }

}

######################LVS_MASTER####################

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

   router_id LVS_DEVEL_MASTER

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    state MASTER

    interface em1

    virtual_router_id 51

    priority 100

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS

        auth_pass 1111

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {

        122.144.177.21

    }

}

virtual_server 122.144.177.21 80 {

    delay_loop 6

    lb_algo rr

    lb_kind DR

    persistence_timeout 50

    protocol TCP

    real_server 122.144.166.100 80 {

        weight 1

           connect_timeout 3

            nb_get_retry 3

           delay_before_retry 3

    }

real_server 122.144.166.101 80 {

        weight 1

           connect_timeout 3

            nb_get_retry 3

           delay_before_retry 3

    }

}

###################### LVS_BACKUP ####################

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

   router_id LVS_DEVEL_BACKUP

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    state BACKUP

    interface em1

    virtual_router_id 51

    priority 90

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS

        auth_pass 1111

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {

        122.144.177.21

    }

}

virtual_server 122.144.177.21 80 {

    delay_loop 6

    lb_algo rr

    lb_kind DR

       persistence_timeout 50

    protocol TCP

    real_server 122.144.166.100 80 {

        weight 1

            connect_timeout3

            nb_get_retry 3

           delay_before_retry 3

    }

    real_server 122.144.166.101 80 {

        weight 1

           connect_timeout 3

            nb_get_retry 3

           delay_before_retry 3

    }

}

################################################

配置keepalived自启动

chkconfig  --level 0123456 keepalived on

查看自启动状态

chkconfig --list keepalived

主备开启keepalived服务service keepalived restart 

################################################

7.测试####高可用性测试####

模拟故障,将CentOS-LVS_MASTER上的keepalived服务停掉,然后观察CentOS-LVS_BACKUP上的日志,信息如下

wKiom1VRmLfC5rkwAAP4q-C5bJs009.jpg

从日志中可知,主机出现故障后,备机立刻检测到,此时备机变为MASTER角色,并且接管了主机的虚拟IP资源,最后将虚拟IP绑定在em1设备上

CentOS-LVS_MASTER 上的keepalived服务开启后,CentOS-LVS_BACKUP的日志状态

wKiom1VRmNuwNk8mAAQMpEkZhgA651.jpg

从日志可知,备机在检测到主机重新恢复正常后,释放了虚拟IP资源重新成为BACKUP角色.

############################################

Web服务器设置(122.144.166.100122.144.166.101

###########################################

WEB1WEB2机器上编辑如下文件

vi /home/shell/lvs_real.sh

#!/bin/bash

# description: Config realserver

#Written by :http://kerry.blog.51cto.com

SNS_VIP=122.144.177.21

/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

case "$1" in

start)

       /sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask255.255.255.0 broadcast $SNS_VIP

       /sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0

       echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

       echo "2">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

       echo "1">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

       echo "2">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

       sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1

       echo "RealServer Start OK"

       ;;

stop)

       /sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down

       /sbin/route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null2>&1

       echo "0">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

       echo "0">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

       echo "0">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

       echo "0">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

       echo "RealServer Stoped"

       ;;

*)

       echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"

       exit 1

esac

exit 0

##############################################

赋给执行权限

chmod 777 /home/shell/lvs_real.sh

chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions    别人的配置文档中没这个步骤,我不知道为什么总是说执行到这句时没有权限,所以我添加了执行权限

chmod 755 /home/shell/lvs_real.sh

/home/shell/lvs_real.sh start



(责任编辑:IT)