CentOS系统下下的yum安装
时间:2014-02-24 15:46 来源:www.it.net.cn 作者:IT网
1.本地YUM配置
一、挂载本地光盘到系统
[root@centos mnt]# mkdir cd
[root@centos mnt]# mkdir cd1
[root@centos mnt]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cd
[root@centos mnt]# mount /dev/cdrom1 /mnt/cd1
二、配置本地yum源
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ #进入yum配置目录
vi CentOS-Media.repo #编辑配置文件，添加以下内容：
[GuangPan]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media #自定义名称
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/ #本地光盘挂载路径
gpgcheck=0 #检查GPG-KEY，0为不检查，1为检查
enabled=1 #启用yum源，0为不启用，1为启用
==============================================================================
[root@centos ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@centos yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo123 CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo123 CentOS-Media.repo.bak
[root@centos yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Media.repo
# CentOS-Media.repo
#
# This repo can be used with mounted DVD media, verify the mount point for
# CentOS-6. You can use this repo and yum to install items directly off the
# DVD ISO that we release.
#
# To use this repo, put in your DVD and use it with the other repos too:
# yum --enablerepo=c6-media [command]
#
# or for ONLY the media repo, do this:
#
# yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=c6-media [command]
[c6-media]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media
baseurl=file:///mnt/cd
file:///mnt/cd1
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
~
~
~
~
"CentOS-Media.repo" 19L, 533C
=============================================================================
三、清除yum缓存，使用yum install自动安装软件
yum clean all #清除yum缓存
四、屏蔽网络yum的配置文件
CentOS需要将/etc/yum.rpos. d/目录下的CentOS-Base.repo、CentOS-Debuginfo.repo文件进行改名，这样就可以绕过网络进行本地源的安装。
具体命令如下：
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo123
mv CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo123
五、测试本地源的指定是否成功。
yum makecache 获取yum列表
出现下面提示，表示yum更改完成：
Metadata Cache Created
yum install php #安装php
yum remove php #卸载php
# yum list ----列出可安装的软件
# yum grouplist ----列出可安装的组件
# yum makecache ----同步缓存
# yum clean all ----清除所有缓存
#yum remove package ----删除软件包
#yum groupremove group ---- 删除某个组件的全部软件包
===================================================
#yum groupinstall 'X Window System' -y ----安装“X windows”组件
#yum groupinstall desktop
#yum groupremove 'K Desktop Environment' ----卸载 KDE 桌面环境
完成！
2.网络YUM配置
[转载]RedHat Enterprise Linux 6.4使用Centos 6 的yum源
思路：卸载redhat自带yum，然后下载centos的yum，安装后修改配置文件
1、首先到http://mirrors.163.com/centos下载软件包
x86 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/
x86_64 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/
必要下载的软件包有（以64位系统为例）：
a
b
c
d
下载命令：
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
[注] :版本不一定要最新的
2、卸载RedHat自带的yum
3、安装下载的centos的yum包：
rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
[注] :最后2个需要一起安装，否则会出现依赖性错误
4、到http://mirrors.163.com的 centos帮助文档 中下载CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，存放到/etc/yum.repo.d中
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
5、编辑CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，将其中的$releasever更改为centos的版本号
下面是修改好的：
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-6 - Base - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-6 - Updates - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-6 - Extras - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-6 - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-6 - Contrib - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
6、yum clean all 清除原有缓存
7、yum makecache
出现下面提示，表示yum更改完成：
Metadata Cache Created
(责任编辑：IT)
1.本地YUM配置
一、挂载本地光盘到系统[root@centos mnt]# mkdir cd[root@centos mnt]# mkdir cd1 [root@centos mnt]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cd [root@centos mnt]# mount /dev/cdrom1 /mnt/cd1 二、配置本地yum源cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ #进入yum配置目录vi CentOS-Media.repo #编辑配置文件，添加以下内容： [GuangPan] name=CentOS-$releasever - Media #自定义名称 baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/ #本地光盘挂载路径 gpgcheck=0 #检查GPG-KEY，0为不检查，1为检查 enabled=1 #启用yum源，0为不启用，1为启用 ============================================================================== [root@centos ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@centos yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS-Base.repo123 CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo123 CentOS-Media.repo.bak [root@centos yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Media.repo # CentOS-Media.repo # # This repo can be used with mounted DVD media, verify the mount point for # CentOS-6. You can use this repo and yum to install items directly off the # DVD ISO that we release. # # To use this repo, put in your DVD and use it with the other repos too: # yum --enablerepo=c6-media [command] # # or for ONLY the media repo, do this: # # yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=c6-media [command] [c6-media] name=CentOS-$releasever - Media baseurl=file:///mnt/cd file:///mnt/cd1 gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 ~ ~ ~ ~ "CentOS-Media.repo" 19L, 533C ============================================================================= 三、清除yum缓存，使用yum install自动安装软件yum clean all #清除yum缓存
四、屏蔽网络yum的配置文件CentOS需要将/etc/yum.rpos. d/目录下的CentOS-Base.repo、CentOS-Debuginfo.repo文件进行改名，这样就可以绕过网络进行本地源的安装。具体命令如下： cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo123 mv CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo123 五、测试本地源的指定是否成功。
yum makecache 获取yum列表出现下面提示，表示yum更改完成： Metadata Cache Created
yum install php #安装php yum remove php #卸载php
# yum list ----列出可安装的软件
2.网络YUM配置[转载]RedHat Enterprise Linux 6.4使用Centos 6 的yum源思路：卸载redhat自带yum，然后下载centos的yum，安装后修改配置文件 1、首先到http://mirrors.163.com/centos下载软件包
x86 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/ x86_64 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/ 必要下载的软件包有（以64位系统为例）：
a
b
c
d
下载命令：
[注] :版本不一定要最新的
2、卸载RedHat自带的yum
3、安装下载的centos的yum包：
rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm [注] :最后2个需要一起安装，否则会出现依赖性错误
4、到http://mirrors.163.com的 centos帮助文档 中下载CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，存放到/etc/yum.repo.d中
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
5、编辑CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，将其中的$releasever更改为centos的版本号下面是修改好的：
6、yum clean all 清除原有缓存
7、yum makecache
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