linux下搭建SVN服务器完全手册

时间:2016-03-25 19:03  来源:linux.it.net.cn   作者:IT

系统环境         RHEL5.4最小化安装(关iptables,关selinux) + ssh + yum 一，安装必须的软件包.         yum install subversion (SVN服务器)                     mysql-server (用于codestriker)                     httpd mod_dav_svn mod_perl (用于支持WEB方式管理SVN服务器)                     sendmail (用于配置用户提交代码后发邮件提醒)                     wget gcc-c++ make unzip perl* (必备软件包)                     ntsysv vim-enhanced (可选) 二，基本的SVN服务器配置         1，新建一个目录用于存储SVN所有文件                 # mkdir /home/svn         2，新建一个版本仓库                 # svnadmin create /home/svn/project         3，初始化版本仓库中的目录                 # mkdir project project/server project/client project/test (建立临时目录)                 # svn import project/ file:///home/svn/project -m "初始化SVN目录"                 # rm -rf project (删除临时建立的目录)         4，添加用户                 要添加SVN用户非常简单，只需在/home/svn/project/conf/passwd文件添加一个形如“username=password"的条目就可以了.为了测试，我添加了如下内容:                 [users]                 # harry = harryssecret                 # sally = sallyssecret                 pm = pm_pw                 server_group = server_pw                 client_group = client_pw                 test_group = test_pw         5，修改用户访问策略                 /home/svn/project/conf/authz记录用户的访问策略，以下是参考:                         [groups]                         project_p = pm                         project_s = server_group                         project_c = client_group                         project_t = test_group                                                  [project:/]                         @project_p = rw                         * =                                                 [project:/server]                         @project_p = rw                         @project_s = rw                         * =                                                 [project:/client]                         @project_p = rw                         @project_c = rw                         * =                                                 [project:/doc]                         @project_p = rw                         @project_s = rw                         @project_c = rw                         @project_t = rw                         * =                 以上信息表示，只有pm有根目录的读写权，server_group能访问server目录，client_group能访问client目录，所有人都可以访问doc目录.         6，修改svnserve.conf文件,让用户和策略配置升效.                 svnserve.conf内容如下:                         [general]                         anon-access = none                         auth-access = write                         password-db = /home/svn/project/conf/passwd                         authz-db = /home/svn/project/conf/authz         7，启动服务器                 # svnserve -d -r /home/svn         8，测试服务器                 # svn co svn://192.168.60.10/project                 Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d                 Password for 'root':                 Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d                 Username: server_group                 Password for 'server_group':                 svn: Authorization failed ( server_group没用根目录的访问权 )                 # svn co svn://192.168.60.10/project                 Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d                 Password for 'root':                 Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d                 Username: pm                 Password for 'pm':                 A    project/test                 A    project/server                 A    project/client                 Checked out revision 1.  ( 测试提取成功 )                 # cd project/server                 # vim main.c                 # svn add main.c                 # svn commit main.c -m "测试一下我的C程序,看什么看,不行啊??"                 Adding         main.c                 Transmitting file data .                 Committed revision 2.  ( 测试提交成功 ) 三，配置SVN服务器的HTTP支持         1，转换SVN服务器的密码                 由于SVN服务器的密码是明文的，HTTP服务器不与支持，所以需要转换成HTTP支持的格式。我写了一个Perl脚本完成这个工作.                 脚本内容如下:                 # cd /home/svn/project/conf/                 # cat PtoWP.pl                 #!/usr/bin/perl                 # write by huabo, 2009-11-20                                 use warnings;                 use strict;                                 #open the svn passwd file                 open (FILE, "passwd") or die ("Cannot open the passwd file!!!\n");                                 #clear the apache passwd file                 open (OUT_FILE, ">webpasswd") or die ("Cannot open the webpasswd file!!!\n");                 close (OUT_FILE);                                 #begin                 foreach (<FILE>) {                     if($_ =~ m/^[^#].*=/) {                         $_ =~ s/=//;                         `htpasswd -b webpasswd $_`;                     }                 }                 # ./PtoWP.pl ( 先给该脚本加可执行权限，然后执行以转换密码 )                 Adding password for user pm                 Adding password for user server_group                 Adding password for user client_group                 Adding password for user test_group                 现在目录下会多一个webpasswd文件。         2，修改httpd.conf，添加关于SVN服务器的内容                 编辑/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf，在最后添加如下信息:                 <Location /project>                     DAV svn                     SVNPath /home/svn/project/                     AuthType Basic                     AuthName "svn for project"                     AuthUserFile /home/svn/project/conf/webpasswd                     AuthzSVNAccessFile /home/svn/project/conf/authz                     Satisfy all                     Require valid-user                 </Location>         3，启动HTTPD服务器                 # service httpd restart                 Stopping httpd:                                            [FAILED]                 Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]         4，用浏览器访问http://192.168.60.10/project/server/测试                 测试结果如下图所示：                 ( 测试成功 ) 四，配置邮件提醒支持         1，安装Perl模块Module::Build                 # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/D/DA/DAGOLDEN/Module-Build-0.36_11.tar.gz                 # tar xvf Module-Build-0.36_11.tar.gz                 # cd Module-Build-0.36_11                 # perl Build.PL                 # ./Build                 # ./Build test                 # ./Build install                 # cd ..         2，安装Perl模块Authen::SASL                 # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/G/GB/GBARR/Authen-SASL-2.15.tar.gz                 # tar xvf Authen-SASL-2.15.tar.gz                 # cd Authen-SASL-2.15                 # perl Makefile.PL                 # make test                 # make install                 # cd ..         3，安装Perl模块Net::SMTP_auth                 # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/A/AP/APLEINER/Net-SMTP_auth-0.08.tar.gz                 # tar xvf Net-SMTP_auth-0.08.tar.gz                 # cd Net-SMTP_auth-0.08                 # perl Makefile.PL                 # make test                 # make install                 # cd ..         4，安装Perl模块SVN::Notify                 # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/D/DW/DWHEELER/SVN-Notify-2.80.tar.gz                 # tar xvf SVN-Notify-2.80.tar.gz                 # cd SVN-Notify-2.80                 # perl Build.PL                 # ./Build                 # ./Build test                 # ./Build install                 # cd ..         5，启动邮件服务器                 # service sendmail restart                 Shutting down sendmail:                                    [FAILED]                 Starting sendmail:                                         [  OK  ]                 Starting sm-client:                                        [  OK  ]         6，配置自动发邮件脚本                 修改post-commit脚本,以支持邮件通知功能.                 # cd /home/svn/project/hooks/                 # vim post-commit                 内容如下:                 #!/bin/sh                 REPOS="$1"                 REV="$2"                                 /usr/bin/svnnotify --repos-path "$1" --revision "$2" --to caodaijun@pica.com --from caodaijun@feinno.com --handler "HTML::ColorDiff"  --with-diff --smtp localhost --smtp-user root --smtp-pass 5201314318 -c "UTF-8" -g zh_CN -o raw --svnlook /usr/bin/svnlook --subject-prefix '[SVN Update]'                 (to参数代表接收邮件的地址，可以有多个，当你有多个老大的时候，这就很重要了，：）。from参数是虚拟的，代表你的发送地址，一般情况下，这个参数 不重要，但如果接收者的邮件服务器有反垃圾邮件的功能，需要判定源地址的话，这个参数是否合法就显得很重要了)                 再给该脚本添加可执行权限                 # chmod +x post-commit         7，再次提交时，就会给指定邮件地址发信了。                 如下图所示: 五，其它常用配置         1，强制写log脚本                 配置pre-commit文件，要求用户每次更新文件都必须写log.                 # cd /home/svn/project/hooks/                 # vim pre-commit                 文件内容如下:                 #!/bin/sh                 REPOS="$1"                 TXN="$2"                 SVNLOOK=/usr/bin/svnlook                 LOGMSG=`$SVNLOOK log -t "$TXN" "$REPOS" | grep "[a-zA-Z0-9]" | wc -c`                 if [ "$LOGMSG" -lt 5(要求的log长度，依实际需要修改) ];                 then                  echo -e "\nEmpty log message not allowed. Commit aborted!" 1>&2                  exit 1                 fi                 配置完成后，给本件加上可执行权限。再提交代码时，就必须按要求写注释了，：）         2，可修改log脚本                 配置pre-revprop-change文件，此文件在show log中修改log时会运行，得到修改的权限，否则会报错:DAV request failed; it's possible that the repository's pre-revprop-change hook either failed or is non-existent. At least one property change failed; repository is unchanged                 # cd /home/svn/project/hooks/                 # vim pre-revprop-change                 文件内容如下:                 REPOS="$1"                 REV="$2"                 USER="$3"                 PROPNAME="$4"                 if ["$PROPNAME" = "svn:log"];then exit 0;fi                 exit 1                 配置完后加可执行权限升效。 六，备份管理         svn服务器的定期备份是很重要的，最简单的方式是定时备份仓库目录。         1，新建备份目录                 # mkdir /opt/project_backup         2，编写备份脚本                 # cd /home/svn/                 # vim project_backup.sh                 内容如下:                 #!/bin/bash                 #write by huabo, 2009-11-20                                 cd /home/svn                 now=`/bin/date +%Y%m%d`                 /bin/tar czvf "project_backup_$now.tar.gz" project/ && rm -rf /opt/project_backup/* && /bin/mv project_backup_*.tar.gz /opt/project_backup/                 if [ $? == 0 ]                 then                     result="OK!!"                 else                     result="False!!"                 fi                                 #send mail to administrator                 /bin/mail caodaijun@pica.com -s "project_backup_$now" <<MESSAGE                 Result: `/bin/echo $result`                 MESSAGE                 给该脚本添加可执行权限。         3，设定每天定时执行该脚本.                 # crontab -e                 输入如下内容:                 0 23 * * * /home/svn/project_backup.sh                 表示每天晚上23点运行此脚本。         经过以上三步操作，就可以自动备份SVN资料了，且不论备份是否成功，都会给用户发送邮件信息。 七，用svnstat分析SVN数据.         1，安装JAVA         svnstat是JAVA应用程序，需要先安装JAVA环境。         下载jre，URL: http://javadl.sun.com/webapps/download/AutoDL?BundleId=39484         安装:                 # chmod +x jre-6u20-linux-i586-rpm.bin                 # ./jre-6u20-linux-i586-rpm.bin         2，下载svnstat                 # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/svnstat/svnstat/Release-1.0/SvnStat-1.0.zip?use_mirror=jaist                 # unzip SvnStat-1.0.zip         3，更新代码                 # pwd                 /root                 # svn co svn://192.168.60.10/project                 A    project/test                 A    project/server                 A    project/server/main.c                 A    project/client                 Checked out revision 5.         4，生成svnstat数据                 # svn log project -v --xml --non-interactive > project.log                 # cd SvnStat-1.0                 # java -classpath SvnStat-all.jar de.agentlab.svnstat.SvnStat -jar SvnStat-all.jar -r /root/project.log -d /var/www/html/         5，用浏览器登录即可看到许多统计出来的图表。大致如下图所示： (俺的测试代码很少，生成的图不成样子，拿官方的图来充当一下，：）) 八，用statsvn分析SVN数据         1，下载statsvn                 # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/statsvn/statsvn/0.7.0/statsvn-0.7.0.zip?use_mirror=jaist                 # unzip statsvn-0.7.0.zip                 # cd statsvn-0.7.0         2，生成statsvn数据                 # mkdir /var/www/html/statsvn                 # java -jar statsvn.jar -verbose -output-dir /var/www/html/statsvn/ /root/project.log /root/project         3，用浏览器测测试效果如下图： 九，配置codestriker.         1.安装codestriker依赖的perl包.                 # perl -MCPAN -e 'install "Template"'                 2.下载codestriker                 # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/codestriker/codestriker/1.9.10/codestriker-1.9.10.tar.gz?use_mirror=jaist&ts=1279246587                 # mkdir /var/www/codestriker                 # cd /var/www/codestriker                 # tar xvf /path/codestriker-1.9.10.tar.gz                 # chown -R apache.apache codestriker-1.9.10                         3.配置数据库                 # service mysqld restart                 # mysql -uroot mysql                     执行:                         CREATE DATABASE codestrikerdb CHARACTER SET utf8;                         GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,INDEX,ALTER,CREATE,DROP,REFERENCES ON codestrikerdb.* TO codestriker@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'cspasswd';                         FLUSH PRIVILEGES;                         quit                 4.配置codestriker                 # cd codestriker-1.9.10/                 # vim codestriker.conf                     注意以下几点(详细可查看codestriker的安装文档)                     a.数据库的用户名密码要配对                     b.svn的数据仓库要配对，我的如下：                          @valid_repositories =                              (                               'svn:file:///home/svn/project',                              )                 5.执行codestriker的安装脚本                 # cd bin/                 # ./install.pl                 6.配置http支持                 # vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf                     在最后面加上如下内容:                         Alias /codestriker/  /var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/cgi-bin/                         Alias /codestrikerhtml/  /var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/html/                                                 <Directory "/var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/cgi-bin/">                            SetHandler perl-script                            PerlHandler ModPerl::Registry                            Options +ExecCGI                         </Directory>                                                 <Directory "/var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/html/">                            AllowOverride None                            Allow from all                         </Directory>                 7.重启HTTP服务器                 # service httpd restart                 8.在浏览器中输入http://192.168.60.10/codestriker/codestriker.pl即可访问，如下图： 十，总结                 总结个CC。 (责任编辑：IT)