如何在CentOS 6上通过YUM安装Nginx和PHP-FPM

时间:2016-05-10 08:20 来源:linux.it.net.cn 作者:IT

开始安装Nginx和PHP-FPM之前,你必须卸载系统中以前安装的Apache和PHP。用root登录输入下面的命令：

# yum remove httpd* php*

增加额外资源库

默认情况下，CentOS的官方资源是没有php-fpm的, 但我们可以从Remi的RPM资源中获得，它依赖于EPEL资源。我们可以这样增加两个资源库：

# yum install yum-priorities -y
# rpm -Uvh http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm
# rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm

输出样例

Retrieving http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.00kiDx: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY
Preparing...########################################### [100%]
1:epel-release ########################################### [100%]

安装Nginx

输入下列命令

# yum install nginx

输出样例

Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
nginx x86_64 0.8.54-1.el6 epel 358 k
Installing for dependencies:
GeoIP x86_64 1.4.8-1.el6 epel 620 k
fontconfig x86_64 2.8.0-3.el6 base 186 k
freetype x86_64 2.3.11-6.el6_1.8 updates 358 k
gd x86_64 2.0.35-10.el6 base 142 k
libX11 x86_64 1.3-2.el6 base 582 k
libX11-common noarch 1.3-2.el6 base 188 k
libXau x86_64 1.0.5-1.el6 base 22 k
libXpm x86_64 3.5.8-2.el6 base 59 k
libjpeg x86_64 6b-46.el6 base 134 k
libpng x86_64 2:1.2.46-1.el6_1 base 180 k
libxcb x86_64 1.5-1.el6 base 100 k
libxslt x86_64 1.1.26-2.el6 base 450 k
perl x86_64 4:5.10.1-119.el6_1.1 base 10 M
perl-Module-Pluggable x86_64 1:3.90-119.el6_1.1 base 37 k
perl-Pod-Escapes x86_64 1:1.04-119.el6_1.1 base 30 k
perl-Pod-Simple x86_64 1:3.13-119.el6_1.1 base 209 k
perl-libs x86_64 4:5.10.1-119.el6_1.1 base 575 k
perl-version x86_64 3:0.77-119.el6_1.1 base 49 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 19 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 14 M
Installed size: 47 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y

如果你想在系统启动时自动运行nginx，输入下列命令：

# chkconfig --level 345 nginx on

第一次启动nginx，输入下列命令：

# /etc/init.d/nginx start

输出样例

Starting nginx: [ OK ]

安装PHP-FPM

输入下列命令：

# yum --enablerepo=remi install php php-fpm

输出样例

Dependencies Resolved
====================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
====================================================================================
Installing:
php x86_64 5.3.10-2.el6.remi remi 2.3 M
php-fpm x86_64 5.3.10-2.el6.remi remi 1.1 M
Installing for dependencies:
apr x86_64 1.3.9-3.el6_1.2 base 123 k
apr-util x86_64 1.3.9-3.el6_0.1 base 87 k
apr-util-ldap x86_64 1.3.9-3.el6_0.1 base 15 k
httpd x86_64 2.2.15-15.el6.centos.1 updates 813 k
httpd-tools x86_64 2.2.15-15.el6.centos.1 updates 70 k
libedit x86_64 2.11-4.20080712cvs.1.el6 base 74 k
mailcap noarch 2.1.31-2.el6 base 27 k
php-cli x86_64 5.3.10-2.el6.remi remi 2.2 M
Transaction Summary
====================================================================================
Install 10 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 6.8 M
Installed size: 21 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y

如果你想在系统启动时自动运行php-fpm，输入下列命令：

# chkconfig --level 345 php-fpm on

PHP仅安装了核心模块，你很可能需要安装其他的模块，比如MySQL、 XML、 GD等等，你可以输入下列命令：

# yum --enablerepo=remi install php-gd php-mysql php-mbstring php-xml php-mcrypt

第一次启动php-fpm，输入下列命令：

# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart

输出样例

Starting php-fpm: [ OK ]

配置PHP-FPM和Nginx，让他们一起工作

nginx的配置文件在/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，输入下列命令编辑这个文件：

# vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

像下面这样编辑取消注释：

...
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
...
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
...

重启Nginx会重新读取配置文件，输入

# /etc/init.d/nginx reload

现在在document root目录下建立下列PHP文件

# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/info.php

文件内容如下：

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

访问 http://YOUR-SERVER-IP

Nginx虚拟主机设置

设置例子

IP: 192.168.1.113
Domain: domain.local
Hosted at: /home/www/domain.local

输入下列命令新建名叫“www”的用户

# useradd www

创建必要的目录

# mkdir -p /home/www/domain.local/public_html
# mkdir -p /home/www/domain.local/log
# chown -R www.www /home/www/
# chmod 755 /home/www/

创建虚拟主机配置文件

# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
# cp virtual.conf www.conf

输入下面命令打开www.conf文件

# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/www.conf

增加以下配置

server {
server_name domain.local;
root /home/www/domain.local/public_html;
access_log /home/www/domain.local/log/domain.local-access.log;
error_log /home/www/domain.local/log/domain.local-error.log;
location / {
index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}

你可以用下列方法检查配置文件是否有语法错误

# /etc/init.d/nginx configtest

输出样例

the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

现在编辑/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf文件，将运行php-fpm进程的用户改为“www”，输入

# vi /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

找到“group of processes”，编辑成下面的样子：

; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
; will be used.
; RPM: apache Choosed to be able to access some dir as httpd
user = www
; RPM: Keep a group allowed to write in log dir.
group = www

最后重启nginx

# /etc/init.d/nginx restart
# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart

(责任编辑：IT)