MYSQL主、从服务器配置及错误处理
时间:2020-06-13 17:00 来源:linux.it.net.cn 作者:IT
一. MySQL主服务器配置
1.建立用户
grant replication slave on *.* to gd@192.168.6.101 identified by '123456';
# grant replication slave on *.* to ‘用户名’@'主机’ identified by ‘密码’;
# 可在B Slave上做连接测试: mysql -h 192.168.8.100 -ugd -p
2.编辑配置文件/etc/my.cnf
# 确保有如下行
server-id = 1
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog-do-db=test
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
#binlog-do-db=需要备份的数据库名，可写多行
#binlog-ignore-db=不需要备份的数据库名，可写多行
二.MySQL从服务器配置
编辑/etc/my.cnf
server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
master-host=192.168.6.100
master-user=gd
master-password=123456
master-port=3306
replicate-do-db=test
# replicate-do-db=test 需要备份的数据库名
# replicate-ignore-db=mysql 忽略的数据库
# master-connect-retry=60 如果从服务器发现主服务器断掉，重新连接的时间差(秒)
修改配置需要注意，需要删除从服务器上的/var/lib/mysql/master.info文件
[root@CentOS-2 ~]# rm -f /var/lib/mysql/master.info
[root@CentOS-2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
再次打开/var/lib/mysql/master.info ，可以看到以下的信息：
14
4
192.168.6.100
gd
123456
3306
60
0
在 192.168.6.101 上，用帐号 gd 登录，查看 主服务器的 状态：
mysql> show master status;
ERROR 1227 (42000): Access denied; you need the SUPER,REPLICATION CLIENT privilege for this operation
在 192.168.6.100 上，给 gd@192.168.6.101 分配权限：
mysql> select * from mysql.user where user='gd';
+---------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| Host | User | Password | Select_priv | Insert_priv | Update_priv | Delete_priv | Create_priv | Drop_priv | Reload_priv | Shutdown_priv | Process_priv | File_priv | Grant_priv | References_priv | Index_priv | Alter_priv | Show_db_priv | Super_priv | Create_tmp_table_priv | Lock_tables_priv | Execute_priv | Repl_slave_priv | Repl_client_priv | Create_view_priv | Show_view_priv | Create_routine_priv | Alter_routine_priv | Create_user_priv | ssl_type | ssl_cipher | x509_issuer | x509_subject | max_questions | max_updates | max_connections | max_user_connections |
+---------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| localhost | gd | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 192.168.6.101 | gd | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
+---------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+
mysql> grant super on *.* to gd@192.168.6.101;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from mysql.user where user='gd';
+---------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| Host | User | Password | Select_priv | Insert_priv | Update_priv | Delete_priv | Create_priv | Drop_priv | Reload_priv | Shutdown_priv | Process_priv | File_priv | Grant_priv | References_priv | Index_priv | Alter_priv | Show_db_priv | Super_priv | Create_tmp_table_priv | Lock_tables_priv | Execute_priv | Repl_slave_priv | Repl_client_priv | Create_view_priv | Show_view_priv | Create_routine_priv | Alter_routine_priv | Create_user_priv | ssl_type | ssl_cipher | x509_issuer | x509_subject | max_questions | max_updates | max_connections | max_user_connections |
+---------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| localhost | gd | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 192.168.6.101 | gd | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
+---------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+
在 192.168.6.101 上，用帐号 gd 登录，
查看 主服务器的 状态：
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000010 | 98 | test | mysql |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
查看 从服务器的 状态：
mysql> show slave status;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
查看 从服务器的 状态：
mysql> show slave hosts;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
从主服务器读取二进制日志。
mysql> show binlog events;
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 98 | Server ver: 5.0.83-community-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 98 | Stop | 1 | 117 | |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
在 192.168.6.101 上，用帐号 root 登录，
查看 从服务器的 状态：
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Connecting to master
Master_Host: 192.168.6.100
Master_User: gd
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File:
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Log_File: CentOS-2-relay-bin.000022
Relay_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000010
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: test,test1
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Log_Space: 98
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
SLAVE STOP IO_THREAD //此线程把master段的日志写到本地
mysql> slave stop IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
SLAVE STOP SQL_THREAD //此线程把写到本地的日志应用于数据库
mysql> slave stop sql_thread;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
执行完上面两行之后，再次查看状态，注意以下两行：
mysql> show slave status \G;
Slave_IO_State:
Slave_SQL_Running: No
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
//
mysql> load data from master ;
ERROR 1218 (08S01): Error connecting to master: Lost connection to MySQL server at 'reading initial communication packet', system error: 113
mysql> slave stop;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> SET GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER = n;
ERROR 1232 (42000): Incorrect argument type to variable 'sql_slave_skip_counter'
mysql> slave start;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
//
//
问题：
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
解决方法：
登录master:
mysql> show master status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000067
Position: 106
登录slave:
mysql> slave stop;
mysql> change master to Master_Log_File='mysql-bin.000067',Master_Log_Pos=106;
mysql> start slave;
如果上面执行都正常的话，在slave上执行”show slave status \G”
mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.199.199
Master_User: rep1
Master_Port: 3307
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000067
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 106
Relay_Log_File: newweb-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 251
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000067
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
//
(责任编辑：IT)
| 一. MySQL主服务器配置 1.建立用户 grant replication slave on *.* to gd@192.168.6.101 identified by '123456'; # grant replication slave on *.* to ‘用户名’@'主机’ identified by ‘密码’; # 可在B Slave上做连接测试: mysql -h 192.168.8.100 -ugd -p 2.编辑配置文件/etc/my.cnf # 确保有如下行 server-id = 1 log-bin=mysql-bin binlog-do-db=test binlog-ignore-db=mysql #binlog-do-db=需要备份的数据库名，可写多行 #binlog-ignore-db=不需要备份的数据库名，可写多行 二.MySQL从服务器配置 编辑/etc/my.cnf server-id=2 log-bin=mysql-bin master-host=192.168.6.100 master-user=gd master-password=123456 master-port=3306 replicate-do-db=test # replicate-do-db=test 需要备份的数据库名 # replicate-ignore-db=mysql 忽略的数据库 # master-connect-retry=60 如果从服务器发现主服务器断掉，重新连接的时间差(秒) 修改配置需要注意，需要删除从服务器上的/var/lib/mysql/master.info文件 [root@CentOS-2 ~]# rm -f /var/lib/mysql/master.info [root@CentOS-2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart 再次打开/var/lib/mysql/master.info ，可以看到以下的信息： 14 4 192.168.6.100 gd 123456 3306 60 0 在 192.168.6.101 上，用帐号 gd 登录，查看 主服务器的 状态： mysql> show master status; ERROR 1227 (42000): Access denied; you need the SUPER,REPLICATION CLIENT privilege for this operation 在 192.168.6.100 上，给 gd@192.168.6.101 分配权限： mysql> select * from mysql.user where user='gd'; +---------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+ | Host | User | Password | Select_priv | Insert_priv | Update_priv | Delete_priv | Create_priv | Drop_priv | Reload_priv | Shutdown_priv | Process_priv | File_priv | Grant_priv | References_priv | Index_priv | Alter_priv | Show_db_priv | Super_priv | Create_tmp_table_priv | Lock_tables_priv | Execute_priv | Repl_slave_priv | Repl_client_priv | Create_view_priv | Show_view_priv | Create_routine_priv | Alter_routine_priv | Create_user_priv | ssl_type | ssl_cipher | x509_issuer | x509_subject | max_questions | max_updates | max_connections | max_user_connections | +---------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+ | localhost | gd | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 192.168.6.101 | gd | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +---------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+ mysql> grant super on *.* to gd@192.168.6.101; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from mysql.user where user='gd'; +---------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+ | Host | User | Password | Select_priv | Insert_priv | Update_priv | Delete_priv | Create_priv | Drop_priv | Reload_priv | Shutdown_priv | Process_priv | File_priv | Grant_priv | References_priv | Index_priv | Alter_priv | Show_db_priv | Super_priv | Create_tmp_table_priv | Lock_tables_priv | Execute_priv | Repl_slave_priv | Repl_client_priv | Create_view_priv | Show_view_priv | Create_routine_priv | Alter_routine_priv | Create_user_priv | ssl_type | ssl_cipher | x509_issuer | x509_subject | max_questions | max_updates | max_connections | max_user_connections | +---------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+ | localhost | gd | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 192.168.6.101 | gd | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +---------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+ 在 192.168.6.101 上，用帐号 gd 登录， 查看 主服务器的 状态： mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000010 | 98 | test | mysql | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 查看 从服务器的 状态： mysql> show slave status; Empty set (0.00 sec) 查看 从服务器的 状态： mysql> show slave hosts; Empty set (0.00 sec) 从主服务器读取二进制日志。 mysql> show binlog events; +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info | +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 98 | Server ver: 5.0.83-community-log, Binlog ver: 4 | | mysql-bin.000001 | 98 | Stop | 1 | 117 | | +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.01 sec) 在 192.168.6.101 上，用帐号 root 登录， 查看 从服务器的 状态： mysql> show slave status \G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Connecting to master Master_Host: 192.168.6.100 Master_User: gd Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: Read_Master_Log_Pos: 4 Relay_Log_File: CentOS-2-relay-bin.000022 Relay_Log_Pos: 98 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000010 Slave_IO_Running: No Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: test,test1 Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 98 Relay_Log_Space: 98 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL 1 row in set (0.00 sec) SLAVE STOP IO_THREAD //此线程把master段的日志写到本地 mysql> slave stop IO_THREAD; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) SLAVE STOP SQL_THREAD //此线程把写到本地的日志应用于数据库 mysql> slave stop sql_thread; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 执行完上面两行之后，再次查看状态，注意以下两行： mysql> show slave status \G; Slave_IO_State: Slave_SQL_Running: No ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // // mysql> load data from master ; ERROR 1218 (08S01): Error connecting to master: Lost connection to MySQL server at 'reading initial communication packet', system error: 113 mysql> slave stop; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> SET GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER = n; ERROR 1232 (42000): Incorrect argument type to variable 'sql_slave_skip_counter' mysql> slave start; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) // // 问题： Slave_IO_Running: No Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 解决方法： 登录master: mysql> show master status \G *************************** 1. row *************************** File: mysql-bin.000067 Position: 106 登录slave: mysql> slave stop; mysql> change master to Master_Log_File='mysql-bin.000067',Master_Log_Pos=106; mysql> start slave; 如果上面执行都正常的话，在slave上执行”show slave status \G” mysql> show slave status \G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.199.199 Master_User: rep1 Master_Port: 3307 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000067 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 106 Relay_Log_File: newweb-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 251 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000067 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes // (责任编辑：IT) |