linux系统磁盘分区之fdisk命令

时间:2014-12-04 16:41 来源:linux.it.net.cn 作者:IT

fdisk命令的常用选项：

fdisk -l 查看所有磁盘信息
fdisk /dev/sdb 使用fdisk命令工具操作/dev/sdb磁盘
m   显示所有的命令信息、用法
p   显示分区信息
q   退出
w   保存分区信息，只有执行了w命令后才会把分区信息写入到磁盘
d 1 删除磁盘的第一个分区

场景模拟：
有一个1G的磁盘/dev/sdb
分区为一个主分区，一个扩展分区，大小都为200M
其中在扩展分区上面建立一个100M的逻辑分区 /dev/sdb5
格式化文件系统为 mkfs.ext4
实现开机自动挂载到目录 /backup3

1 使用fdisk命令工具操作磁盘/dev/sdb

fdisk /dev/sdb

2 创建一个主分区

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-130, default 130): +400M

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0004a98a

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 52 417658+ 83 Linux

3 创建一个扩展分区

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (53-130, default 53):
Using default value 53
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (53-130, default 130): +400M

Command (m for help): p

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sdb1               1          52      417658+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2              53         104      417690    5 Extended

4 创建一个逻辑分区

Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (53-104, default 53):
Using default value 53
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (53-104, default 104): +100M

Command (m for help): p

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sdb1               1          52      417658+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2              53         104      417690    5 Extended
/dev/sdb5              53          66      112423+ 83 Linux

5 保存

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

6 对磁盘进行分区

[root@hsj2 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
104448 inodes, 417656 blocks
20882 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67633152
51 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@hsj2 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb5
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
28112 inodes, 112420 blocks
5621 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008
14 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2008 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

至此，则分区搞定，结束工作。

(责任编辑：IT)