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我的zabbix监控机部署在了hyper-v的虚拟环境里，初始创建的时候硬盘分配了50GB，运行半年多后，尴尬的发现，磁盘空间不够了，幸亏创建时候使用的是动态扩张磁盘。 那么接下来我就为这台centos6.6的虚拟机来动态扩容硬盘，扩展之前先让我展示下分区和磁盘情况： [root@zabbix-test ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VolGroup System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 3 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 49.51 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 12674 Alloc PE / Size 12674 / 49.51 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID swdQhX-7DhD-qiWW-8oeV-ewSP-Djjy-ozdCpy [root@zabbix-test ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/VolGroup/lv_root LV Name lv_root VG Name VolGroup LV UUID mduTSv-NAbg-wKVi-HHbB-JSrq-YzVu-pOZ6SD LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2016-06-01 01:43:46 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 45.60 GiB Current LE 11674 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/VolGroup/lv_swap LV Name lv_swap VG Name VolGroup LV UUID Jrud8e-iuls-u8uZ-m8IX-c0lQ-pgAe-VK7pJE LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2016-06-01 01:43:49 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 3.91 GiB Current LE 1000 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:1 [root@zabbix-test ~]# df -HP Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 49G 37G 9.2G 80% / tmpfs 3.1G 0 3.1G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 500M 73M 402M 16% /boot //10.11.0.6/zabbix_mysql_backup 837G 769G 69G 92% /mysqlbackup [root@zabbix-test ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 268.4 GB, 268435456000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 32635 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0002c75c Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 6528 51915776 8e Linux LVM 磁盘分区情况总结如下： /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 空间不足 /dev/sda 有2个分区 操作步骤： 1）首先关闭虚拟机，然后再操作之前备份一下所属的硬盘，免得手残 2）编辑所属磁盘，选择扩展磁盘，将大小调整为250GB。 3）开机进入zabbix系统，分区磁盘，转换磁盘类型 [root@zabbix-test ~]# fdisk /dev/sda The device presents a logical sector size that is smaller than the physical sector size. Aligning to a physical sector (or optimal I/O) size boundary is recommended, or performance may be impacted. WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 268.4 GB, 268435456000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 32635 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0002c75c Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 6528 51915776 8e Linux LVM Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 3 First cylinder (6528-32635, default 6528): Using default value 6528 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (6528-32635, default 32635): Using default value 32635 Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-4): 3 Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e Changed system type of partition 3 to 8e (Linux LVM) Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 268.4 GB, 268435456000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 32635 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0002c75c Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 6528 51915776 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda3 6528 32635 209711837+ 8e Linux LVM Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks. [root@zabbix-test ~]# sync [root@zabbix-test ~]# sync [root@zabbix-test ~]# init 6 查看挂载分区，分区已经变为250GB，将扩容的磁盘/dev/sda内未分配的空间分区，然后转化为8e LVM格式，然后重启重新识别磁盘 4）格式化分区，重新识别根分区 [root@zabbix-test ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Discarding device blocks: done Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=1 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 13107200 inodes, 52427959 blocks 2621397 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 1600 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. [root@zabbix-test ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3 Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created [root@zabbix-test ~]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name VolGroup PV Size 49.51 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 12674 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 12674 PV UUID 257toR-VCpi-ZkbK-6xuM-Vfmh-iywx-CLt1hp "/dev/sda3" is a new physical volume of "200.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda3 VG Name PV Size 200.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID 9xcLAh-dIDQ-Q7F5-eSuP-Kzf2-5VGx-i5H7C1 [root@zabbix-test ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VolGroup System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 3 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 49.51 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 12674 Alloc PE / Size 12674 / 49.51 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID swdQhX-7DhD-qiWW-8oeV-ewSP-Djjy-ozdCpy [root@zabbix-test ~]# vgextend VolGroup /dev/sda3 Volume group "VolGroup" successfully extended [root@zabbix-test ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VolGroup System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 249.50 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 63872 Alloc PE / Size 12674 / 49.51 GiB Free PE / Size 51198 / 199.99 GiB VG UUID swdQhX-7DhD-qiWW-8oeV-ewSP-Djjy-ozdCpy [root@zabbix-test ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/VolGroup/lv_root LV Name lv_root VG Name VolGroup LV UUID mduTSv-NAbg-wKVi-HHbB-JSrq-YzVu-pOZ6SD LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2016-06-01 01:43:46 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 45.60 GiB Current LE 11674 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/VolGroup/lv_swap LV Name lv_swap VG Name VolGroup LV UUID Jrud8e-iuls-u8uZ-m8IX-c0lQ-pgAe-VK7pJE LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2016-06-01 01:43:49 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 3.91 GiB Current LE 1000 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:1 [root@zabbix-test ~]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name VolGroup PV Size 49.51 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 12674 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 12674 PV UUID 257toR-VCpi-ZkbK-6xuM-Vfmh-iywx-CLt1hp --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda3 VG Name VolGroup PV Size 200.00 GiB / not usable 4.72 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 51198 Free PE 51198 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID 9xcLAh-dIDQ-Q7F5-eSuP-Kzf2-5VGx-i5H7C1 [root@zabbix-test ~]# lvextend -l +51198 /dev/VolGroup/lv_root Size of logical volume VolGroup/lv_root changed from 45.60 GiB (11674 extents) to 245.59 GiB (62872 extents). Logical volume lv_root successfully resized #此处的+51198就是添加的分区sda3加入物理卷组之后所剩余的PE，全部加入到逻辑卷组/dev/VolGroup/lv_root [root@zabbix-test ~]# df -hP Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 45G 34G 8.6G 80% / tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 477M 69M 383M 16% /boot [root@zabbix-test ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem at /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required old desc_blocks = 3, new_desc_blocks = 16 Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root to 64380928 (4k) blocks. The filesystem on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root is now 64380928 blocks long. [root@zabbix-test ~]# df -hP Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 242G 34G 196G 15% / tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 477M 69M 383M 16% /boot 至此/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 对应的根分区终于变大了，扩容完成 此案例同样适用于vmware或KVM环境，或者LVM的卷组管理 (责任编辑：IT) |