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八个学习点帮助你全面认识Oracle数据库

时间:2015-07-06 01:24来源:linux.it.net.cn 作者:IT

TableSpace 

 

表空间: 

一个表空间对应多个数据文件(物理的dbf文件) 

 

用语法方式创建tablespace,用sysdba登陆: 

 

--创建表空间mytabs,大小为10MB: 

 

create tablespace mytabs datafile 
'C:\oracle\oradata\mydb\mytabs1.dbf' size 10M;
alter user zgl default tablespace mytabs;
--把tabs做为zgl的默认表空间。
grant unlimited tablespace to zgl;
--将操作表空间的权限给zgl。

Exception

示例: 

 

create or replace procedure
pro_test_exception(vid in varchar2) is
userName varchar2(30);
begin
select name into userName from t_user where id=vid;
dbms_output.put_line(userName);
exception
when no_data_found then
dbms_output.put_line('没有查到数据!');
when too_many_rows then
dbms_output.put_line('返回了多行数据!');
end pro_test_exception;

安全管理 

以下语句以sysdba登陆: 

 

用户授权: 

alter user zgl account lock;--锁定帐号。 

alter user zgl identified by zgl11;--修改用户密码。 

alter user zgl account unlock;--解除帐号锁定。 

alter user zgl default tablespace tt;--修改用户zgl的默认表空间为tt。 

create user qqq identified by qqq123 default tablespace tt;--创建用户。 

grant connect to qqq;--给qqq授予connect权限。 

grant execute on zgl.proc01 to test;--将过程zgl.proc01授予用户test。 

grant create user to zgl;--给zgl授予创建用户的权限。 

revoke create user from zgl;--解除zgl创建用户的权限。 

 

角色授权: 

create role myrole;--创建角色myrole 

grant connect to myrole;--给myrole授予connect权限 

grant select on zgl.t_user to myrole;--把查询zgl.t_user的权限授予myrole 

grant myrole to test;--把角色myrole授予test用户 

概要文件(配置文件): 

全局设置,可以在概要文件中设置登陆次数,如超过这次数就锁定用户。 

 

Synonym 

创建同义词示例: 

 

create public synonym xxx for myuser.t_user
create synonym t_user for myuser.t_user
select * from dba_synonyms where table_name='T_USER'

跨数据库查询 

 

create database link dblinkzgl 
connect to myuser identified by a using 'mydb'
Select * From t_user@dblinkzgl

course示例 

示例1: 

 

create or replace procedure pro_test_cursor is
userRow t_user%rowtype;
cursor userRows is
select * from t_user;
begin
for userRow in userRows loop
dbms_output.put_line
(userRow.Id||','||userRow.Name||','||userRows%rowcount);
end loop;
end pro_test_cursor;

示例2: 

 

create or replace procedure 
pro_test_cursor_oneRow(vid in number) is
userRow t_user%rowtype;
cursor userCur is
select * from t_user where id=vid;
begin
open userCur;
fetch userCur into userRow;
if userCur%FOUND then
dbms_output.put_line
(userRow.id||','||userRow.Name);
end if;
close userCur;
end pro_test_cursor_oneRow;

record示例

 

create or replace 
procedure pro_test_record(vid in varchar2) is
type userRow is record(
id t_user.id%type,
name t_user.name%type
);
realRow userRow;
begin
select id,name into 
realRow from t_user where id=vid;
dbms_output.put_line
(realRow.id||','||realRow.name);
end pro_test_record;

rowtype示例

 

create or replace procedure 
pro_test_rowType(vid in varchar2) is
userRow t_user%Rowtype;
begin
select * into userRow from t_user where id=vid;
dbms_output.put_line
(userRow.id||','||userRow.name);
end pro_test_rowType;


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