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linux下的杀毒软件Clam AntiVirus安装与使用

时间:2014-07-10 22:53来源:linux.it.net.cn 作者:IT网
前  言
  UNIX下的杀毒软件有好多是商业版本的。但和windows系统下一样,杀毒软件的质量决定于病毒库的量已及更新的速度。在这里,我们使用自由软件 Clam AntiVirus 来建立linux下的病毒查杀系统。并且为了消除后来的隐患,建议务必在服务器公开以前构建病毒查杀系统。

安装 Clam AntiVirus

  由于Clam Antivirus不存在于centos中yum的官方库中,所以用yum安装Clam Antivirus需要定义非官方的库。请先确认相应非官方库文件的存在。
[root@sample ~]# ls -l /etc/yum.repos.d/dag.repo  ← 确认相应库文件的存在性
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 143 Oct 1 21:33 /etc/yum.repos.d/dag.repo ← 确认其存在(否则不能通过yum安装Clamd)
  如果以上,dag.repo文件不存在,则不能通过yum安装Clam Antivirus,需要定义非官方库。定义非官方库的方法请见 “CentOS的下载、安装及初始环境设置”一节中yum的相关设置。而且,在此前提下也要保证所定义的dag.repo文件的语法的正确性。

  然后,通过yum来在线安装 Clam Antivirus 。
[root@sample ~]# yum -y install clamd  ← 在线安装 Clam AntiVirus
Setting up Install Process
Setting up repositories
dag 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00
update 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00
base 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00
addons 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00
extras 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00
Reading repository metadata in from local files
primary.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 1.6 MB 00:08
dag : ################################################## 4610/4610
Added 4610 new packages, deleted 0 old in 94.91 seconds
primary.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 103 kB 00:05
update : ################################################## 256/256
Added 56 new packages, deleted 0 old in 4.25 seconds
Reducing Dag RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise Linux to included packages only
Finished
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for clamd to pack into transaction set.
clamd-0.88.4-1.el4.rf.i38 100% |=========================| 5.3 kB 00:00
---> Package clamd.i386 0:0.88.4-1.el4.rf set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
--> Processing Dependency: clamav = 0.88.4-1.el4.rf for package: clamd
--> Processing Dependency: libclamav.so.1 for package: clamd
--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for clamav to pack into transaction set.
clamav-0.88.4-1.el4.rf.i3 100% |=========================| 8.1 kB 00:00
---> Package clamav.i386 0:0.88.4-1.el4.rf set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
--> Processing Dependency: clamav-db = 0.88.4-1.el4.rf for package: clamav
--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for clamav-db to pack into transaction set.
clamav-db-0.88.4-1.el4.rf 100% |=========================| 3.2 kB 00:00
---> Package clamav-db.i386 0:0.88.4-1.el4.rf set to be updated
--> Running transaction check

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================
Installing:
clamd i386 0.88.4-1.el4.rf dag 64 k
Installing for dependencies:
clamav i386 0.88.4-1.el4.rf dag 724 k
clamav-db i386 0.88.4-1.el4.rf dag 5.6 M

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install 3 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 6.4 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/3): clamd-0.88.4-1.el4 100% |=========================| 64 kB 00:01
(2/3): clamav-0.88.4-1.el 100% |=========================| 724 kB 00:04
(3/3): clamav-db-0.88.4-1 100% |=========================| 5.6 MB 00:25
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing: clamav-db ######################### [1/3]
Installing: clamav ######################### [2/3]
Installing: clamd ######################### [3/3]
Installed: clamd.i386 0:0.88.4-1.el4.rf
Dependency Installed: clamav.i386 0:0.88.4-1.el4.rf clamav-db.i386 0:0.88.4-1.el4.rf
Complete!   ← 安装完毕!

配置 Clam AntiVirus

接下来配置 Clam Antivirus 。
[root@sample ~]# vi /etc/clamd.conf  ← 修改clamd的配置文件

ArchiveBlockMax ← 找到这一行,在行首加上“#”(不把大容量的压缩文件看作被感染病毒的文件)
 ↓
#ArchiveBlockMax ← 变为此状态

User clamav  ← 找到这一行,在行首加上“#”(不允许一般用户控制)
 ↓
#User clamav  ← 变为此状态

运行 Clam AntiVirus
让 Clam Antivirus 开始运行,并设置其为自启动。
[root@sample ~]# chkconfig clamd on   ← 将其设置为自系统启动后启动

[root@sample ~]# chkconfig --list clamd
clamd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off  ← 确认2--5为on的状态就OK

[root@sample ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/clamd start  ← 启动clamd服务(运行Clam AntiVirus)

Starting Clam AntiVirus Daemon:      [ OK ]  ← 启动成功

更新 Clam AntiVirus 的病毒库
安装后建议立即更新病毒库,以保证最新病毒的查杀。
[root@sample ~]# freshclam  ← 更新clam的病毒库

ClamAV update process started at Fri Aug 25 18:39:26 2006
Downloading main.cvd [*]
main.cvd updated (version: 40, sigs: 64138, f-level: 8, builder: tkojm)
Downloading daily.cvd [*]
daily.cvd updated (version: 1728, sigs: 2565, f-level: 8, builder: ccordes)
Database updated (66703 signatures) from db.cn.clamav.net (IP: 58.221.253.171)
Clamd successfully notified about the update.

病毒扫描
然后进行病毒扫描的测试,在这里,我们首先下载测试用的病毒文件。
[root@sample ~]# clamdscan  ← 进行病毒扫描
/root: OK
----------- SCAN SUMMARY -----------
Infected files: 0  ← 没有发现病毒
Time: 5.074 sec (0 m 5 s)

[root@sample ~]# wget http://www.eicar.org/download/eicar.com  ← 下载带毒文件
[root@sample ~]# wget http://www.eicar.org/download/eicar_com.zip  ← 下载带毒文件

然后,再次进行病毒到描。附加“remove”选项后,会在查出病毒后自动删除染毒文件。
[root@sample ~]# clamdscan --remove  ← 再次进行病毒扫描,并附加删除选项

/root/eicar.com: Eicar-Test-Signature FOUND  ← 发现被病毒感染的文件
/root/eicar.com: Removed.  ← 删除被病毒感染的文件
/root/eicar_com.zip: Eicar-Test-Signature FOUND  ← 发现被病毒感染的文件
/root/eicar_com.zip: Removed.  ← 删除被病毒感染的文件 ----------- SCAN SUMMARY -----------
Infected files: 2
Time: 2.201 sec (0 m 2 s)

让病毒扫描定期运行
[root@sample ~]# vi scan.sh  ← 建立自动扫描脚本,如下:

#!/bin/bash
PATH=/usr/bin:/bin
CLAMSCANTMP=`mktemp`
clamdscan --recursive --remove / > $CLAMSCANTMP
[ ! -z "$(grep FOUND$ $CLAMSCANTMP)" ] && \
grep FOUND $CLAMSCANTMP | mail -s "Virus Found in `hostname`" root
rm -f $CLAMSCANTMP

[root@sample ~]# chmod 700 scan.sh  ← 赋予脚本可被执行的权限

[root@sample ~]# crontab -e   ← 编辑计划任务,添加如下行

00 03 * * * /root/scan.sh   ← 添加这一行,让其在每天3点钟执行扫描 
(责任编辑:IT)
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