Linux磁盘分区、格式化、挂载、卸载
时间:2018-04-27 11:37 来源:linux.it.net.cn 作者:IT
[root@CORPSE2010/]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 322.1 GB, 322122547200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 39162 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00097ff5
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 26 28072 225280000 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 28072 32152 32768000 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 32152 39163 56318976 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 32152 33427 10240000 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 33427 34702 10240000 83 Linux
/dev/sda7 34702 35976 10240000 83 Linux
/dev/sda8 35977 39163 25594880 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes ----------未挂载的
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x810d5e15.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
1
Invalid partition number for type `1'
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-30720, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-30720, default 30720):
Using default value 30720
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x810d5e15
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 30720 31457264 83 Linux ---ext4分区，ID为83
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# partprobe /dev/sdb
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# mkfs -V -t ext4 -c /dev/sdb1
mkfs (util-linux-ng 2.17.2)
mkfs.ext4 -c /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
鏂囦欢绯荤粺鏍囩=
鎿嶄綔绯荤粺:Linux
鍧楀ぇ灏4096 (log=2)
鍒嗗潡澶у皬=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1966080 inodes, 7864316 blocks
393215 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
绗竴涓暟鎹潡=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
240 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000
Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): 瀹屾垚
姝ｅ湪鍐欏叆inode琛 瀹屾垚
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 瀹屾垚
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 瀹屾垚
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# mkdir /mnt/sdb1
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdb1
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda5 ext4 9.5G 5.7G 3.4G 64% /
tmpfs tmpfs 16G 72K 16G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 ext4 190M 34M 146M 19% /boot
/dev/sda8 ext4 24G 44M 23G 1% /data
/dev/sda2 ext4 212G 4.0G 197G 2% /home
/dev/sda6 ext4 9.5G 576M 8.5G 7% /opt
/dev/sda7 ext4 9.5G 227M 8.8G 3% /var
/dev/sdb1 ext4 30G 44M 28G 1% /mnt/sdb1
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# more /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri May 8 17:04:47 2015
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=4fc3c61c-35d0-420b-b6d7-f64e5024e564 / ext4 defaults 1 1
UUID=978a98e0-7c14-4dd4-94cb-8c4c98652b00 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=11f6d932-e0c2-4484-bd2e-ab001c736581 /data ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=77a86bb0-335e-49b4-9be7-5fcb568b04b2 /home ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=b5a201c2-8b44-4194-96fa-adebe93c9a9f /opt ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=f4734300-3968-4560-8f1d-9f9b4ef51ea7 /var ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=79805c84-9a35-47fd-b439-6300cf1a48c6 swap swap defaults 0 0
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# df -lh
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda5 9.5G 5.7G 3.4G 64% /
tmpfs 16G 72K 16G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 190M 34M 146M 19% /boot
/dev/sda8 24G 44M 23G 1% /data
/dev/sda2 212G 4.0G 197G 2% /home
/dev/sda6 9.5G 576M 8.5G 7% /opt
/dev/sda7 9.5G 227M 8.8G 3% /var
/dev/sdb1 30G 44M 28G 1% /mnt/sdb1
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]#
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# umount /dev/sdb1 ----卸载
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]#
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]#
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]#
[root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# df -lh
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda5 9.5G 5.7G 3.4G 64% /
tmpfs 16G 72K 16G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 190M 34M 146M 19% /boot
/dev/sda8 24G 44M 23G 1% /data
/dev/sda2 212G 4.0G 197G 2% /home
/dev/sda6 9.5G 576M 8.5G 7% /opt
/dev/sda7 9.5G 227M 8.8G 3% /var
(责任编辑：IT)
| [root@CORPSE2010/]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 322.1 GB, 322122547200 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 39162 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00097ff5 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 26 28072 225280000 83 Linux /dev/sda3 28072 32152 32768000 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda4 32152 39163 56318976 5 Extended /dev/sda5 32152 33427 10240000 83 Linux /dev/sda6 33427 34702 10240000 83 Linux /dev/sda7 34702 35976 10240000 83 Linux /dev/sda8 35977 39163 25594880 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes ----------未挂载的 64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# fdisk /dev/sdb Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x810d5e15. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) 1 Invalid partition number for type `1' Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-30720, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-30720, default 30720): Using default value 30720 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes 64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x810d5e15 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 30720 31457264 83 Linux ---ext4分区，ID为83 Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# partprobe /dev/sdb [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# mkfs -V -t ext4 -c /dev/sdb1 mkfs (util-linux-ng 2.17.2) mkfs.ext4 -c /dev/sdb1 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) 鏂囦欢绯荤粺鏍囩= 鎿嶄綔绯荤粺:Linux 鍧楀ぇ灏4096 (log=2) 鍒嗗潡澶у皬=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 1966080 inodes, 7864316 blocks 393215 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user 绗竴涓暟鎹潡=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 240 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000 Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): 瀹屾垚 姝ｅ湪鍐欏叆inode琛 瀹屾垚 Creating journal (32768 blocks): 瀹屾垚 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 瀹屾垚 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# mkdir /mnt/sdb1 [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdb1 [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda5 ext4 9.5G 5.7G 3.4G 64% / tmpfs tmpfs 16G 72K 16G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 ext4 190M 34M 146M 19% /boot /dev/sda8 ext4 24G 44M 23G 1% /data /dev/sda2 ext4 212G 4.0G 197G 2% /home /dev/sda6 ext4 9.5G 576M 8.5G 7% /opt /dev/sda7 ext4 9.5G 227M 8.8G 3% /var /dev/sdb1 ext4 30G 44M 28G 1% /mnt/sdb1 [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# more /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Fri May 8 17:04:47 2015 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=4fc3c61c-35d0-420b-b6d7-f64e5024e564 / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=978a98e0-7c14-4dd4-94cb-8c4c98652b00 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=11f6d932-e0c2-4484-bd2e-ab001c736581 /data ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=77a86bb0-335e-49b4-9be7-5fcb568b04b2 /home ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=b5a201c2-8b44-4194-96fa-adebe93c9a9f /opt ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=f4734300-3968-4560-8f1d-9f9b4ef51ea7 /var ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=79805c84-9a35-47fd-b439-6300cf1a48c6 swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# df -lh Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda5 9.5G 5.7G 3.4G 64% / tmpfs 16G 72K 16G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 190M 34M 146M 19% /boot /dev/sda8 24G 44M 23G 1% /data /dev/sda2 212G 4.0G 197G 2% /home /dev/sda6 9.5G 576M 8.5G 7% /opt /dev/sda7 9.5G 227M 8.8G 3% /var /dev/sdb1 30G 44M 28G 1% /mnt/sdb1 [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# umount /dev/sdb1 ----卸载 [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# [root@CORPSE2010:WEIHU]# df -lh Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda5 9.5G 5.7G 3.4G 64% / tmpfs 16G 72K 16G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 190M 34M 146M 19% /boot /dev/sda8 24G 44M 23G 1% /data /dev/sda2 212G 4.0G 197G 2% /home /dev/sda6 9.5G 576M 8.5G 7% /opt /dev/sda7 9.5G 227M 8.8G 3% /var (责任编辑：IT) |