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由于公司要求需要最新版的ZABBIX2.4.4需要最新版的系统CENTOS7和最新版的LNMP环境，所以本人摸索着使用最新版的环境搭建了LNMP系统，环境版本如下： 系统：CentOS 7 x86_64 NGINX：nginx-1.7.12 数据库：mariadb-10.0.13 PHP：php-5.5.23 首先做一些准备工作，先把centos7的防火墙更换成iptables，可以参见如下链接 centos7防火墙改为iptables 修改成iptables之后就可以清空iptables里面的过滤规则了，然后再关闭selinux服务。记得不要忘了先安装gcc gcc-c++ wget net-tools等功能哦。
首先安装mariadb
应为数据库编译需要很长时间，所以我这里下载的是已经编译好了的二进制包，下载版本为 mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
1、下载二进制包到/usr/local/src 目录下： [root@centos74 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@centos74 src]# wget http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/mariadb/mariadb-10.0.13/bintar-quantal-amd64/mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz 2、将压缩包解压到/usr/local 目录下： [root@centos74 src]# tar zvxf mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ 3、创建mariadb 数据初始化目录/data/mysql: [root@centos74 src]# mkdir -p /data/mysql 4、添加系统用户mysql,禁止登陆系统，同时，将mariadb 数据初始化目录所属主和组都修改为mysql: [root@centos74 src]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql ;chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/ 5、重命名解压出来的mariadb 目录： [root@centos74 src]# mv /usr/local/mariadb-10.0.13-linux-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql 6、进入重命名后的目录，初始化mariadb: [root@centos74 src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@centos74 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/mysql' ... 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using mutexes to ref count buffer pool pages 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M ........................................................................ The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/. You can find additional information about the MySQL part at: http://dev.mysql.com Support MariaDB development by buying support/new features from SkySQL Ab. You can contact us about this at sales@skysql.com. Alternatively consider joining our community based development effort: http://mariadb.com/kb/en/contributing-to-the-mariadb-project/ 报错：WARNING: The host 'test4' could not be looked up with resolveip. 解决办法：vim /etc/hosts 在最后一行添加192.168.1.242 test4 报错：./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 解决办法：yum -y install libaio-devel libaio 7、复制配置文件到/etc目录覆盖之前的my.cnf: [root@centos74 mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp：是否覆盖"/etc/my.cnf"？ y 8、复制mysql 启动脚本文件到/etc/init.d 目录下并重命名为mysqld: [root@centos74 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld 同时修改启动脚本的权限为755： [root@centos74 mysql]# chmod 755 !$ chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld 9、编辑启动脚本，定义datadir 路径： [root@centos74 mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld 定义数据存放路径： datadir=/data/mysql 10、将mariadb自带命令放入$PATH [root@localhost ~]# PATH=$PATH:/etc/init.d/#当前有效，重启shell就失效 [root@localhost ~]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/etc/init.d/" >>/etc/profile [root@localhost ~]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/" >>/etc/profile [root@localhost ~]# source !$
11、启动mariadb: [root@centos74 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
第二步，开始安装php
这里要先声明一下，针对Nginx的php安装和针对apache的php安装是有区别的，因为Nginx中的php是以fastcgi的方式结合nginx的，可以理解为nginx代理了php的fastcgi，而apache是把php作为自己的模块来调用的。同样的，php官方下载地址: http://www.php.net/downloads.php 下载php [rot@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/src [root@localhost src]# wget http://am1.php.net/distributions/php-5.5.23.tar.gz 解压php [root@localhost src]# tar zxf php-5.5.23.tar.gz 创建相关账户 [root@localhost src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm 配置编译参数 [root@localhost src]# cd php-5.5.23 [root@localhost src]# yum -y install gcc make gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel [root@localhost php-5.5.23]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --disable-ipv6 --with-pear --with-curl --enable-bcmath --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --with-gd --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local --with-gettext 错误：configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation. 解决办法：yum -y install libxml2-devel 错误：configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/ 解决办法：yum -y install libcurl-devel 错误：configure: error: jpeglib.h not found. 解决办法：yum -y install libjpeg-turbo-devel 错误：configure: error: png.h not found. 解决办法：um -y install libpng-devel 错误：configure: error: freetype-config not found. 解决办法：configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt. 错误：configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt. 解决办法：yum -y install libmcrypt-devel
安装php [root@localhost php-5.3.27]# make && make install 以上每一个步骤，如果没有完全执行正确，那么下一步是无法进行的，使用 echo $? 看结果是否为 “0” , 如果不是，就是没有执行正确。 修改配置文件 cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 把如下内容写入该文件: [global] pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid error_log = /usr/local/php/var/log/php-fpm.log [www] listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock user = php-fpm group = php-fpm listen.owner = nobody listen.group = nobody pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_requests = 500 rlimit_files = 1024 保存配置文件后，检验配置是否正确的方法为: /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t 如果出现诸如 “test is successful” 字样，说明配置没有问题。 启动php-fpm cp /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm service php-fpm start 如果想让它开机启动，执行: chkconfig php-fpm on 检测是否启动: ps aux |grep php-fpm 看看是不是有很多个进程（大概20多个）。
安装nginx
下载nginx cd /usr/local/src/ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.7.12.tar.gz 解压nginx tar zxvf nginx-1.7.12.tar.gz 配置编译参数 cd nginx-1.7.12 ./configure \ --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ --with-http_realip_module \ --with-http_sub_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-pcre 报错：./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library. 解决办法：yum -y install pcre-devel 报错：./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library. 解决办法：yum install -y zlib-devel
编译nginx make 安装nginx make install
编写nginx启动脚本，并加入系统服务 vim /etc/init.d/nginx 写入如下内容: #!/bin/bash # chkconfig: - 30 21 # description: http service. # Source Function Library . /etc/init.d/functions # Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" RETVAL=0 prog="Nginx"
start() { echo -n $"Starting $prog: " mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF RETVAL=$? echo return $RETVAL }
stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp RETVAL=$? echo return $RETVAL }
reload(){ echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP RETVAL=$? echo return $RETVAL }
restart(){ stop start }
configtest(){ $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t return 0 }
case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; reload) reload ;; restart) restart ;; configtest) configtest ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}" RETVAL=1 esac
exit $RETVAL 保存后，更改权限: chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx chkconfig --add nginx 如果想开机启动，请执行: chkconfig nginx on 更改nginx配置 首先把原来的配置文件清空: > /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf “>” 这个符号为重定向的意思，单独用它，可以把一个文本文档快速清空。 vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 写入如下内容: user nobody nobody; worker_processes 2; error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events { use epoll; worker_connections 6000; }
http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526; server_names_hash_max_size 4096; log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]' '$host "$request_uri" $status' '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"'; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 30; client_header_timeout 3m; client_body_timeout 3m; send_timeout 3m; connection_pool_size 256; client_header_buffer_size 1k; large_client_header_buffers 8 4k; request_pool_size 4k; output_buffers 4 32k; postpone_output 1460; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 256k; client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp; proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp; fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 8k; gzip_comp_level 5; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml;
server { listen 80; server_name localhost; index index.html index.htm index.php; root /usr/local/nginx/html;
location ~ \.php$ { include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; }
}
} 保存配置后，先检验一下配置文件是否有错误存在: /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 如果显示内容如下，则配置正确，否则需要根据错误提示修改配置文件: nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful 启动nginx: service nginx start 如果不能启动，请查看 “/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log” 文件，检查nginx是否启动: ps aux |grep nginx 看是否有进程。
测试是否解析php文件
创建测试文件: vim /usr/local/nginx/html/2.php 内容如下: <?php echo phpinfo();?> 测试: [root@localhost nginx]# curl localhost/2.php 或者使用浏览器打开http://YourServerIPAddress/2.php
重要：如果解析不了，检查日志发现连接不到php，我的php版本为5.5.23，比较新的版本，需要在php/etc/php-fpm.conf文件中添加 listen.owner = nobody listen.group = nobody 这两行，再重启一下服务就能使用php了 原因是/tmp/php-fcgi.sock这个文件没有读权限 至此，最新版的LNMP环境源码编译安装完成了，感谢我的老师阿铭给我提供的帮助，另外提供老师开设的论坛地址，欢迎大家前来学习讨论：阿铭linux，欢迎前来共同学习 本文出自 “柠檬” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://xianglinhu.blog.51cto.com/5787032/1631007 (责任编辑：IT) |